Racial Profiling And Law Enforcement - 1770 Words

Lizette Cervantes Mr. Allman 1st Period 1 March 2015 Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement The topic racial profiling is an ongoing debate that is currently being argued in America. Before being able to help understand the faults of racial profiling, one must know what it is. According to the National Institute of Justice, racial profiling in law enforcement â€Å"is commonly defined as a practice that targets people for suspicion of crime based on their race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (â€Å"Racial Profiling†). Racial brutality tends to be an outcome of most racial profiling cases. Racial profiling will usually be most casually seen in traffic stops. Not only does racial profiling make police officers hypocrites for not protecting, and causing distress to, the society they sworn to abide to, but it also makes them breach the constitution of the United States of America. Racial profiling is an unethical, biased, and unconstitutional practice in law enforcement. As stated previously, one must have a good understanding of racial profiling and the topics being further discussed. Beginning with the confusion of thinking racial profiling relates someone to being a racist. Racially profiling someone does not make a person, in this case a police officer, a racist. The actions the police officer takes towards profiling racially is what makes them a racist. For example, one has to ask if the profile was based purely on racial prejudice-which is having a negative attitude towardShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And The Law Enforcements1418 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review This paper outlines the studies, incidents, facts and statistics that have found evidence of racial profiling which causes distrust in the law enforcements (police, government etc0. Studies of racial profiling shows that blacks, Hispanics, Middle Eastern and other racial minorities are more likely to be stopped than those who are white. They are more likely to be stopped and searches, traffic stops, license and registration checks. In addition they are more likely to be ticketedRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Law Enforcement Essay1854 Words   |  8 PagesRacial profiling is used by many Americans in the united states. Blacks, whites and mexicans all use racial profiling. Their profiling is much different then you could say is used by police enforcement today. Minorities are high on the list of racial profiling by police in today s society. This has caused many issues with minorities and police enforcement relations since police use this as a way of controlling crime rates in ma ny cities. With this paper it will be to show and scrutinize every aspectRead MoreRacial Profiling by Law Enforcement Essay756 Words   |  4 Pagesis racial profiling? Racial profiling is a law enforcement and security agency practice that encourages officers to stop, search, and investigate people based on race, ethnicity, nationality or religion. While racial profiling is most commonly committed against ethnic minorities, many instances of racial profiling occur in reaction to specific crimes, making any racial or cultural group subject to more intensive scrutiny by the authorities. (ebscohost.com) This is what I think bout racial profilingRead MoreDo Law Enforcements Practice Racial Profiling983 Words   |  4 PagesDo Law Enforcements practice Racial Profiling in Street-Level Crime in the country? This inquiry persists to be the main deliberation by the experts, and it is the question that convoys the research. In â€Å"The Reality of Racial Profiling†, The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights shows absolute statistical report evidences from Department of Labor’s Bureau of Justice that proves the existence of Racial Profiling on the country’s highways. The year 2005 data resulted that Black and HispanicRead MoreEssay on Racial Profiling by Law Enforcement is Not Justified1063 Words   |  5 PagesWhen we are children we are taught not to judge a book by its cover, for most of us this is easier said than done. Racial profiling is something that affects millions of people in the United States alone. Seemingly innocent people are being targeted solely by the color of their skin and their nationality. Whether racial profiling somebody is appropriate or not is a topic widely discussed by individuals everywhere. The question is however, is it right to judge somebody just because they look differentRead MoreRacial Profiling by Law Enforcement is Unjustifiable Essay 1318 Words   |  6 Pagesthe way people perceive other individuals. Racial profiling, a term used more frequently when dealing with law enforcement, is defined as â€Å"any action undertaken for reasons of safety, security or public protection that relies on stereotypes about race, colour, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, or place of origin rather than on reasonable suspicion, to single out an individual for greater scrutiny or different treatment† (CBC). An analysis of racial profiling in Marita Golden’s After reveals aspects ofRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Threat Law Enforcement Tool Essay2119 Words   |  9 PagesOne issue that has been prevalent throughout the world in policing is racial profiling. This issue is highly controversial across the world because there are many people who believe racial profiling is a legitimate law enforcement tool, but there are just as many people who believe racial profiling is pure racism. Racial Profiling is using someone’ s racial or ethnic characteristics to suspect someone of committing or is going to commit a crime. Since our society isn’t all just one specific type ofRead More Law enforcement and the Prevalence of Racial Profiling Toward Youth of Color in the City of Chicago2733 Words   |  11 Pages Law enforcement and the Prevalence of Racial Profiling Toward Youth of Color in the City of Chicago Introduction Mass incarceration has become a youth phenomenon in Black and Latino Communities. Ninety-five percent of all juveniles sent to adult court are youth of color (Rios, 2006). This disproportionate number of incarcerated youth starts with the policing, surveillance, and targeting of these groups by law enforcement. The issue that will be discussed in this paper is the high rate atRead MoreEthical Issues in Film1518 Words   |  7 PagesRacial profiling is a term society has become familiar with in the past few years; however, it is not a new phenomenon. Racial profiling according to Fredrickson, occurs when law enforcement officials rely on race, skin color, and/or ethnicity as an indication of criminality, reasonable suspicion, or probable cause, except when it is part of the description of a particular suspect (1). There are many opposing views on racial profiling; some believe it to be a useful tool used by law enforcementRead MoreRacial Profiling And Violates Human Rights Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justiciable Under Certain Circumstances? Racial profiling has been a longstanding argument in law enforcement practices for a number of years in American society. Often it divides and alienates communities from law enforcements while hindering police efforts to control crimes and protect civilians. Many civil right groups argue that racial profiling is ineffective and violates human rights. However after September 11th, it appears that the practice has become much more prominent

Global Online Advertising Relevant Industry - 1512 Words

Global Online Advertising – Relevant Industry In 1998, Google, Inc. surfaced online and has gradually gained a dominant role in the global online advertising industry to fuel expansion. The global online advertising industry includes social media advertising, search advertising, mobile advertising, and display and web banner advertising. According to eMarketer, Google’s products have allowed it to maintain above 30% revenue growth in 2014 for worldwide digital advertising (2014). Today, Google, Inc. still remains as the undisputed leader of the global online advertising industry through offerings of different products such as Google Search, DoubleClick, YouTube, Android, and Adwords. According to eMarketer, Google, Inc. is still the†¦show more content†¦Even though Amazon is Google’s biggest search-ad buyer, it is also one of Google’s emerging rivals for online ad dollars. In 2013, Amazon spent over $157.7 million on Google search ads (Peterson, 2014). In 2014, it spent nearly 419.5 million on Goog le search ads and is considered as one of the biggest spenders on search ads (Peterson, 2014). As an emerging rival for online ad dollars, Amazon has expanded its business to sell search and display ads on its own sites as well as others to allow direct competition with Google. Recently, there has been a report from the Wall Street Journal that Amazon is planning to develop software similar to Google’s AdWords program that will allow it to place ads online. Google chiefly supplies ads on Amazon pages; however, Amazon is hoping to replace Google with a new in-house ad placement platform that could challenge Google, Inc.’s $50 billion a year advertising business (Winkler Bensinger, 2014). The industry is plateauing. Even though revenue share has been decreasing gradually, they still are keeping their revenue share up on a high basis. According to eMarketer, there has been a decrease in Google’s ad revenue share in the mobile Internet space (2015). Revenue share for Google’s mobile Internet ad was 52.60% in 2012, 49.30% in 2013, and 46.80% in 2014 (eMarketer, 2015). In 2012 –

Andrew Shepards Speech From The American President free essay sample

The last couple of months under Rumson has suggests that being president of this country was to a certain extent about character, and although I have not been willing to engage in his attacks on me, I’ve been here three years and three days, and I can tell you without hesitation; being president of this country, is entirely about character. For the record, yes, I am a card carrying member of the ACLU, but the more important question is, why aren’t you Bob? Now this is an organization whose sole purpose is to defend the Bill of Rights, so it naturally begs to question, why would a senator, his party’s most powerful spokesman and a candidate for president, choose to reject upholding the Constitution? Now if you can answer that question folks, then you’re smarter than I am, because I didn’t understand it until, a few hours ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Andrew Shepards Speech From The American President or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page America isn’t easy. America is advanced citizenship. You’ve got to want it bad, cause It’s gonna put up a fight. It’s gonna say, â€Å"You want free speech? Let’s see you acknowledge a man whose words make your blood boil, whose standing center stage and advocating at the top of his lungs that which you would spend a lifetime apposing at the top of yours. You want to claim this land as the land of the free then the symbol of your country cannot just be a flag! † The symbol also has to be one of it’s citizens’ exercising his right to burn that flag in protests. Now show me that, defend that, celebrate that in your classrooms. Then you can stand up and sing about the land of the free. I’ve known Bob Rumsin for years, and I’ve been operating under the assumption of the reason Bob devotes so much and time and energy to shouting at the rain, is that he simply didn’t get it. Well I was wrong Bob’s problem isn’t that he doesn’t get it, Bob’s problem is that he can’t sell it. We have serious problems to solve, and we need serious people to solve them. And whatever your particular problem is, I promise you, Bob Rumsin, is not the least bit interested in solving it. He is interested in two things, and two things only; making you afraid of it, and telling you who’s to blame for it. That ladies and gentlemen, is how you win elections. You gather a group of middle aged, middle classed, middle income voters, who remember with longing and easier time, and you talk to them about family, American values, and character, and you wave an old photo of the President’s girlfriend, and you scream about patriotism, you tellshe’s to blame for their lot in life, and you go on television, and you call her a whore. Sidney Ellen Wade, has done nothing to you Bob, she has done nothing but, put herself through school, represent the interests of public school teachers, and lobby for the safety of our natural resources. You want a character debate Bob, you better stick with me, because Sidney Ellen Wade is way out of your league. I’ve loved two women in my life. I lost one to cancer and I lost the other because I was so busy keeping my job; I forgot to do my job. Well that ends right now. Tomorrow morning, the White House is sending a bill to Congress for it’s consideration. It’s White House Resolution 455, an energy bill requiring a 20% reduction of the emission of fossil fuels over the next 10 years. It is by far the most aggressive stride ever taken in the fight to reverse the effects of global warming. The other piece of legislation is the crime bill, as of today, it no longer exists; I’m throwing it out. I’m throwing it out and writing a law that makes sense. You cannot address crime prevention without getting rid of assault weapons and handguns. I consider them a threat to National Security, and I will go door to door if I have to, but I’m going to convince Americans that I’m right and I’m gonna get the guns. We’ve got serious problems, and we need serious people. And if you want to talk about character Bob, you better come at me with more than a burning flag and a membership card. If you want to talk about character and American values fine, just tell me where and when and I’ll show up. This is a time for serious people Bob, and your fifteen minutes are up. My name is Andrew Shepard, and I am the President.

Industrial Relations Colesworths

Question: How to manage industrial relations? Answer: Long-term employee relation objectives: Employee relation refers to the relationship between employers and employees in order to achieve desired working environment that would meet the needs of employees and help the organization to achieve its strategic, tactical and operational objectives (Kelly 2012).As a part of new industrial relations agreement, following three long term employee relations objectives has been identified To implement training and development plans for employees to increase productivity and job satisfaction To implement proactive conflict management and dispute resolution procedures To develop contingency plans in case negotiations break down As stated above, the purpose of employee relations is to increase interaction between the employers and employees and development of optimum workplace conditions so that organizational goals can be achieved. Therefore, to achieve these identified objectives, the management and the employees are required to develop and implement action plans. Employee relations objectives are designed to provide employees with better working conditions and help the organization to increase its productivity. Therefore, to achieve these objectives employees can collectively bargain and negotiate terms of employee relations to achieve desired objectives (Poole 2013). Analysing existing employee relations performance in relation to the above workplace objectives The effectiveness of existing employee relations performance can be measured by evaluating the results of current practices on the employees motivation and satisfaction and organizational productivity. In order to analyse the performance of current employee relations performance with identified long-term objectives following methods can be employed Performance appraisal: the effectiveness of employees training and development needs can be analysed by performance appraisal. This method, in particular provides information about the effectiveness of training programs implemented by the organization. Observation: this method is can be used to analyse the effectiveness of conflict management and dispute resolution procedures employed in the organization. Personal interviews can also be employed to measure the effectiveness of existing employee relations performance Organizational survey is another method that can be employed to analyse current employee relations performance (Richardson 2013). Evaluation of options while developing the action plan When developing the plan, it is important to evaluate various options and then selecting the best alternative available. Evaluation of various options can be undertaken in terms of cost benefit analysis and/or risk analysis, discussed as Cost benefit analysis: cost benefit analysis is a decision making tool that helps in understanding the positive outcomes (benefits) and negative outcomes (costs) of different decisions alternatives. Therefore, while developing plans for employee relations for development of strategies all possible means of achieving those strategies are evaluated on the basis of associated costs and benefits and the alternatives that yields maximum benefits are selected (Bartram et al. 2015). Risk analysis: while developing plans it is important to access all tangible and intangible factors affecting the success of selected plan. This helps in the understanding the risks associated with the selected plans and enable the management to devise strategies to minimize the effect of risks. Risk analysis helps in quantification of discovered risks and enables decision makers to arrive at confident choices informed by data. The most common methods of risk analysis are financial risks and operational risks. Ensuring compliance with following legislative requirements Workplace laws: there are several work place laws such as fair work act 2009, registered organizations legislations and regulations, related legislations and many others that needs to be followed. Its compliance can be ensured by developing strategies and plans that are in accordance with the legal frameworks (Shields et al. 2015). Workplace, health and safety: it requires providing a safe workplace for employees that can be achieved identifying and controlling hazards, providing health and safety training to employees. In addition, constantly communicating with employees to keep them informed and involved in health and safety processes as well as keeping records of all accidents and reporting of serious injuries to Occupational Safety and Health Service are to be followed. Equal employment opportunity: to ensure the compliance with equal employment opportunities, the organization needs to follow fair and transparent employment standards. Therefore, while advertising for a post a wide a range of communication media should be used so that every eligible candidate can apply for the job. Further, during the selection process a standardized selection method should be employed to avoid subjectivity and biasness by the hiring executive. In addition, fairness in employment terms, exit policy and principles of confidentiality need to be followed(Burgess et al. 2014). Anti-discrimination laws: the following laws constitutes anti discrimination laws Age Discrimination Act 2004 Australian Human Rights Commission Act 1986 Disability discrimination Act 1992 Racial Discrimination Act 1975 Sex Discrimination Act 1984 By following the provisions of above laws, the organization can ensure legislative requirement of anti-discrimination laws (Forsyth 2016). Working with higher management to develop plan and policies In order to work with higher management to develop plan and policies, management by objective (MBO) strategy can be applied. This approach includes determining and assigning roles and responsibilities to the employees and working in synergy to achieve the desired objective. In addition, proper communication medium and channels needs to be identified to periodically review the progress and to take corrective actions if required (Ellem 2015). Skills and knowledge required to implement the policy In order to effectively implement the policy, the HR manager must be able to communicate the objectives of the policy to the employees and solicit their support to make the new policy a success. Further, it is important to devise strategies for wide dissemination of the policy information. The HR manager, should have the skills to develop models for policy evaluation and get the reviews from the employees and key shareholders and undertake necessary corrective actions before full scale implementation of the policy (Kaine 2016). References Bailey, J. and Peetz, D., 2013. Unions and collective bargaining in Australia in 2012.Journal of Industrial Relations,55(3), pp.403-420. Bartram, T., Boyle, B., Stanton, P., Burgess, J. and McDonnell, A., 2015. Multinational enterprises and industrial relations: A research agenda for the 21st century.Journal of Industrial Relations, p.0022185614564379. Bomers, G.B. and Peterson, R.B., 2013.Conflict management and industrial relations. Springer Science Business Media. Burgess, J., Cameron, R. and Rainnie, A., 2014. Contemporary research on work, workplaces and industrial relations in Australia.The Economic and Labour Relations Review,25(1), pp.5-9. Currie, D., Gormley, T., Roche, B. and Teague, P., 2016. The Management of Workplace.

Colton Sefton Essays (1222 words) - Sports, Recreation,

Colton Sefton Mr. Bancroft English Composition 111-3907 16 February 2017 Tour in Torquay At no time in my life has there ever been an event as surfing at Bells Beach, Australia.Electric excitement surrounded all of us was we watched in awe of surfers "rip up" massive waves, which shot up behind each surfer like salty spray foam. The contrast between the beautiful turquoise waters as they encircled the rocky, barren terrain kept our mouths agape.An ample horseshoe-shaped bay swept against the magnificent cliffs that rose a hundred feet high into the blue sky.In places, the sea had eroded those cliffs, and it was like an enormous sea monster had taken a bite out of the rock.The morning sun was beautiful as it pierced through the silky fog. On the beach, the sun's rays showed through the big waves, creating an emerald color.In the early mornings, I watched that sun and those surfers as they caught the first swells of the day.I listened to the colossal waves as they crashed and rolled against the shore while enjoying hot coffee: this was the very best way to begin my days i n Torquay. I found myself in a little town called Torquay far south in Australia. I fell in love with this place at first glance.The culture of this small place was evident; it was a surfer's paradise.Every house I passed in my car driving into town revealed a wetsuit hanging to dry alongside a battered surfboard. I could smell the salt in the air and hear the waves roaring against the shore. People from all over the world came to this town to do one thing and one thing only: to surf. The weather, despite its up and downs, with its cold bitter mornings and chilly days, did not stop the diehard surfers. The joint love of surfing created a soul that united the town.Everywhere I looked, I saw that passion.Surf shops were everywhere as they lined the streets sporting the most famous names in the sport. Torquay even had a shiny new museum dedicated to surfing. The locals were proud of this place they called home. First on my to-do list was to find a place to stay.This didn't take long because I came across a minute surf hostel, a place where many roaming surfers stayed.Everything about this hostel was pleasant, from the story-telling owner who hailed from Sweden and ran the hostel with an iron fist to my first cup of delicious warm coffee and conversation of the day.Where we were off to that day and what waves we wanted to surf and the new tricks we wanted to learn. Every night we'd return and tell of our accomplishments and our hard lessons, which part of the beach hit, and which part of the beach to avoid. As well, the hostel had life to it. The building seemed to be alive because of the people and the stories they brought with them: amazing stories about surfing in different countries or even just stories from down the road. Everyone had something to say, and everyone wanted to listen. Waking up in the morning was also the best time to surf. I took my coffee and enjoyed many beautiful sunrises as I listened to the ever-familiar thundering waves.Getting in the water and paddling, fighting my way through the waves, and diving under the first wave were always uniquely satisfying.Feeling my warm, dry body go completely under the cool wave as it rolled felt like a slowly moving cool embrace.As I opened my eyes underwater, I could see millions of bubbles as the salt stung my eyeballs. From underneath, I could see waves rolling above as I searched for a place surface. At times, I spit the salt water from my mouth, and from time to time, I swallowed the putrid slush, while occasionally, I simply lost my breakfast.Nevertheless, I couldn't get over the urge to get behind the breaking waves to catch next curl. I felt pure peace just sitting on my board, waiting for the ocean to slowly surge below.I felt so tiny as ten foot waves flowed under my body, like I was sitting on to p of a wild animal. The more I sat

Free Essays on Political Science

In the 18th century Liberalism help in the American Revolution by challenging the Absolute power of the Monarchy. (Political Ideologies p.24, 25) Liberalism were tired of the notation of â€Å"divine rights of a king† and an â€Å"accident of birth† for the social class statuses. Liberalism pushed for a government of representation and constitution, which is the opposite of Monarchy. In the United States the Declaration of Independence is a liberal idea. It state that all men are crated equal, have the rights to life, liberty and property. (The US Constitution p. 59) Declaring ones independence is an act of rebellion, which is self an act of one liberty. The US Constitution followed the Declaration of Independence in 1778, it was written by James Madison the â€Å"father of the Constitution†. (The US Constitution p.6) The US Constitution is a liberal document. One reason why is the separation of branches, it limit the power of all three branches, by a system of â€Å"checks and balances†. (The US Constitution) The19th century was a goriest time for liberalism, the US’s Constitution add new additions with the Bill of Rights which has liberal values. Under the Bill of Rights are civil rights are protected. Example would be the 1st amendment the right to religion, speech, assembly petition and press. (The US Constitution p. 45) These rights give us the liberties to openly/publicly speck our minds, without the worry of being kill for it. The US’s Constitution adds in the 13th, 14th, and the 15th amendments that free all men to have liberty, nor was it limited to just white men 21 year old land owners. With these additions black men were free to work for who they wish, vote, and own land without the state taking it away without due process. (The US Constitution p. 49) The early Liberalism can founded in the writing of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan, John Locke’s Two Treatises on Government, and Adam Smith’s The Wealth o... Free Essays on Political Science Free Essays on Political Science In the 18th century Liberalism help in the American Revolution by challenging the Absolute power of the Monarchy. (Political Ideologies p.24, 25) Liberalism were tired of the notation of â€Å"divine rights of a king† and an â€Å"accident of birth† for the social class statuses. Liberalism pushed for a government of representation and constitution, which is the opposite of Monarchy. In the United States the Declaration of Independence is a liberal idea. It state that all men are crated equal, have the rights to life, liberty and property. (The US Constitution p. 59) Declaring ones independence is an act of rebellion, which is self an act of one liberty. The US Constitution followed the Declaration of Independence in 1778, it was written by James Madison the â€Å"father of the Constitution†. (The US Constitution p.6) The US Constitution is a liberal document. One reason why is the separation of branches, it limit the power of all three branches, by a system of â€Å"checks and balances†. (The US Constitution) The19th century was a goriest time for liberalism, the US’s Constitution add new additions with the Bill of Rights which has liberal values. Under the Bill of Rights are civil rights are protected. Example would be the 1st amendment the right to religion, speech, assembly petition and press. (The US Constitution p. 45) These rights give us the liberties to openly/publicly speck our minds, without the worry of being kill for it. The US’s Constitution adds in the 13th, 14th, and the 15th amendments that free all men to have liberty, nor was it limited to just white men 21 year old land owners. With these additions black men were free to work for who they wish, vote, and own land without the state taking it away without due process. (The US Constitution p. 49) The early Liberalism can founded in the writing of Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan, John Locke’s Two Treatises on Government, and Adam Smith’s The Wealth o...

What forms did african nationalism take down to the 1960's Essay

What forms did african nationalism take down to the 1960's - Essay Example Other examples include The West African National Congress which was formed in 1920 and the WAFD Party of Egypt formed to remove the indirect rule of the British in Egypt. One of the factors that led to the rise of African nationalism was the rise of superpower nations such as The United State of America and the Soviet Union who were against colonialism since they had different Ideologies. For example, the US was capitalist while the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism, which in turn lead to colonialists such as the British and French withdrawing from African countries. The colonial rulers had also taken a big share of African resources such as land and were encroaching in large numbers and displacing Africans to unproductive land, which encouraged the Africans to form movements to oppose such kinds of oppression. Additionally, the United Nations also discouraged colonial rule, hence it came with the idea that the countries under colonial rule should be decolonized and left to rul e themselves (Okoth 2006). The African National Congress The formation of The African National Congress started in 1912 and was referred to as South Africa’s National Liberation Movement but in the year 1923 was renamed to The African National Congress (Mckenna 2011). ... The ANC’s other main aim was to fight for South Africans’ socio-cultural and economic issues so as to encourage Africans and save them from becoming poor. This was due to the fact that the colonialist had taken away most of their resources such as fertile land. The ANC went through different stages to liberate the South Africans from the colonial rulers. Mckenna (2011) shows that the party was destabilized in the year 1920 due to disagreements with communist members who wanted to join them. The party lost its activeness between the year 1930 and 1940, but become active again in the year 1940 after members like Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu reformed the party so as to fight against apartheid which was seen as the biggest form of oppression to the South Africans. The reformers were also known as the ANC Youth League due to the fact that most of the leaders who reformed the party in 1940 were young (Mckenna 2011). Strikes were organized in 1946 by gold min ers who were protesting against the hardships they were going through, which they saw that the colonies were the main contributor. For example they had to protest against the Witwatersrand bus company who contributed to their hardships by raising transport fare. The movement, ANC, went on with the fight against the segregation with the use of other forms of fight like protests and strikes. In the year 1952, they encouraged strikes and protests though they never engaged the government which was in power by then. This made the party popular and encouraged many Black people to join them. In the year 1955, the leaders of the ANC and the communist congress were arrested and put on trial after they demanded for the rights of Black people and

Please see the order instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Please see the order instructions - Essay Example helmets, ensuring ventilation, timing of work and machinery etc. forms of engineering controls include design and modification of machinery, providing ventilation systems etc. (Goetsch 120-250). There are majorly four modes of contaminants entry into a body: the first is ingestion where an individual ingests (eats or drinks) a chemical by accident. The second is inhalation where airborne contaminant e.g. fumes and vapors can be inhaled directly into the lungs. The third mode is absorption where a contaminant E.g. chemical powder, enters the body through skin openings and lastly injection where an individual may accidentally cut or step directly onto contaminated object thus injecting himself with a contaminant, for example a knife cut (Goetsch, 120-250). Threshold Limit value-Time-Weighted Average (TLV-TWA) means the average concentration of a chemical to which it is acceptable to expose a worker over a certain period of time usually 8 hours. Threshold Limit Value-Short Term Exposure Limit (TLV-STEL) means the maximum concentration that is recommended for a continuous 15-minute exposure time. Threshold Limit Value-Ceiling exposure value (TLV-C) means the limit exposure that should not be exceeded under any circumstances. Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) is a value approved by law that spells out the maximum time exposure allowed to a hazardous chemical (Oxford University). There are four classifications of environmental stressors and these include physical hazards caused by loud noise and vibrations, chemical hazards resulting from chemical burns and sprays, fumes and explosions, biological hazards caused by viruses, bacteria, vermin etc. and ergonomic hazards caused by tools and work conditions such lighting, ventilation etc. (Reese, 150-175). First, Employers are expected to train and provide information to employees of the classes of chemicals that

Bus 499 The Learning and Growth Perspective case 4 Essay

Bus 499 The Learning and Growth Perspective case 4 - Essay Example than only focusing on the customer perspective, internal perspective, financial perspective and innovation and learning perspective, it is also very essential that the company incorporates the importance of growth and learning within the company. Johnson believes that the most important quadrant in the balance score card. This is simple because the foundation of future is made strong by trusted people who had a fire to grow. The company serves the niche market for over 5 decades now and has a wide range of customers and a wide market as well. The president of the company, Susan Johnson, focuses on the key that a company’s value id added with the ability to learn and innovate and improve. Thus keeping this in mind Johnson has focused a lot on the business scorecard mainly in the learning sector. Futura’s main focus is on the measurement of the customers the company has. The company focuses on continuous improvements of the competencies within the firm. Also the company aims at providing the employees with a safe, challenging and positive working environment. The company aims at ensuring that all the people hired within the company have a shared values as that of the company and have a drive and fire within themselves to contribute to the company by learning, innovating and working towards ensuring the goals of the company (Johnson, 2003). The company’s mission is ‘Extraordinary Value through Extrusions’, to ensure this is achieved the company works with its employees and expects them to contribute to the success of the company as well as the customers. The company takes a number of measures to ensure that only the right candidates are chosen for the company. This is because of the fact that the employees play a very important role both for the company success as well the success of customers. To ensure the company is well balanced the company has introduced a number of different programs, like the annual performance, birthday reviews, certifications,

Why Firms become Multinational Enterprises

Why Firms become Multinational Enterprises Introduction One of the important aspects of globalization is the international transformation of the companies around the world. The companies have evolved from being a domestic firm to a multinational corporation and being present almost everywhere in the world either physically or via internet. These international companies are regarded as true MNCs only if they have made substantial direct investment in foreign countries and have actively and continuously taken part in the management of these assets (Barlett, Ghoshal, p2). Though the companies had started the internationalization process as early as in the seventeenth and the eighteenth century when the developed nations moved towards the under developed ones for acquiring key resources and in search for markets, but the latter part of the twentieth century and the beginning of twenty-first century witnessed a huge expansion in the extent to which the firms go international  (Barlett, ghoshal, p1). The internationalization process has trans formed greatly due to the evolution of the motives and the way firms integrate and expand their businesses around the world. There are both proactive and reactive motivations for a firm to go international. Proactive motivations are evident in firms that see a need for a strategic change and want to go international; whereas reactive firms are those that go international because they have to in order to deal with the competition from the domestic firms growing internationally as well as the foreign players entering the domestic market. (Czinkota, The Export Marketing Imperative, 2004, pg 4). This essay discusses these motives for firms to become MNEs and how they go about it. Why firms become Multinational Enterprises In the increasingly global business environment, many companies cannot afford to be under the assumption that their domestic markets will always be profitable. For this reason, many companies start with selling their existing products to the countries which have more number of consumers (e.g. China and India) or where consumers have more purchasing power (e.g., USA) (Rennie, Michael W, 193). This arises from the primary profit-seeking motive of the companies but also helps them to increase their brand identity and global presence (Czinkota, p4). These companies then customize their product line according to the country in which they are selling in order to expand their customer base and tackle the competition from the domestic players. So increased sales are a major motive for a companys expansion, and in fact, many of the worlds largest companies including Volkswagen (Germany), Ericsson (Sweden), IBM (United States), Michelin (France), Nestle (Switzerland), and Sony (Japan) derive more than half their sales from outside their home countries (UN Conference: Promoting Linkages, 2001). Another motive, which arose from the firms going international, was seeking cost effective resources to propel production for local and foreign markets. As the firms expanded geographically, they needed to attain competitive advantage over other foreign as well as the domestic companies. This drove them to invest abroad in countries where resources needed for production were available at low cost (Cosmin Sabau). In the earlier days, these resources included mainly the natural resources like rubber, steel, aluminum, etc., for example, crude oil was sourced from gulf countries to meet the shortfall in the domestic supply of crude oil. Today, it includes low cost land, labor and capital as well. This helped in lowering their cost of production and offering competitive prices to the customer. Sports good companies like Rawlings rely largely on labor in Costa Rica, a country that hardly plays baseball, to produce baseballs (Philip Hersh, 2009). The motivations to expand internationally however changed gradually in response to the great organizational and technological forces (Barlett, ghoshal, p6). One of the major contemporary motives is achieving economies of scale. It was first noted by manufacturers in the military aircraft industry in the 1920s and 1930s that direct labor costs decreased by a constant percentage as the cumulative number of aircraft produced doubled. By increasing the cumulative output and exporting to a larger market, the companies can bring down their cost of production by 20-30 percent (Ghemawat). Many companies establish foreign research and development (RD) facilities to tap additional scientific resources, sometimes acquiring useful knowledge in the process (Heather Berry, 2006, p 151-168). Avon, for instance, applies know-how from its Latin American marketing experience to help sell to the US Hispanic market (Nery Ynclan, July 23, 2002:EI). Yet another motive for companies going international was shortening PLCs (Barlett, ghoshal, p6). As the life of a product became shorter, adequate returns for all the research and development done for the product could be made only by introducing the product to multiple larger markets. In addition companies nowadays aim to launch the product simultaneously in as many markets as possible to enjoy the maximum returns before more firms start producing substitutes. How firms become Multinational Enterprises Internationalization is a very crucial and strategic decision that a company takes in its lifetime. Certain prerequisites need to be met before a firm can think of nationalizing and becoming an MNC. The first one is high country attractiveness. The country should be able to offer something that will promise a competitive advantage for the company or something that can help the company sustain its existing competitive advantage. Another prerequisite is the ownership of strategic competencies. The company should have some competencies that will help it counter balance the incognizance of foreign markets and environmental conditions. Also, the company should have some organizational capabilities that will increase the ROI by leveraging the companys strategic strengths intensively. These three prerequisites are essential for selecting the mode of internationalization and the mode of country entry that will help the company compete in world business. (Barlett, Ghoshal) There are many methods adopted by companies to internationalize and conquer foreign markets. The earliest method used by firms in their process of becoming MNEs was exports and imports. This may include both merchandise exports and imports and service exports and imports. Service exports and imports may be tourism and transportation, service performance and asset use. Some services earn payment for the companies for the performance of those services. For example, the companies may pay fees for turnkey projects which are transferred to the owner once they are operational. Management contracts also earn the companies fees for the performance of general and specialized management functions for another. Asset use includes Licensing, Franchising, etc. Licensing is the process of allowing another company to use its intangible assets like patents, trademarks, copyrights, or expertise, under contracts known as licensing agreements for which they earn royalties. Example. Franchising is the pr ocess of business in which a company permits another company to use the trademark as an asset of the franchisees business. The franchisor will help the franchisee by supplying raw materials, management services etc. and also will lay down guidelines and standards that are to be followed by the franchisee. For example, McDonalds has franchised its outlets in many countries like UK, India, etc. In many circumstances, a multinational with an exclusive technology may fear that a licensing contract lead to dissipation of its proprietary knowledge. In that case, setting up a foreign subsidiary is a preferable strategy. (http://cep.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/CP167.pdf) Another method of expanding globally is by making investments on the foreign countries. Foreign investment implies ownership of foreign property in exchange for a financial return. There are two forms of foreign investment: direct and portfolio. The foreign direct investments (FDIs) confer the investor with a controlling stake in the company. For example, when Nintendos CEP bought the Seattle Mariners, the baseball team became a Japanese FDI in the US. Although the control in the foreign company need not be full; even with a minority stake and the remaining ownership widely dispersed, the foreign investor can take decisions that cannot be vetoed by any other owner. When the ownership of the company is taken by more than one company, it is called as a joint venture. Today, at least 61,000 companies worldwide control over 900,000 FDIs in every industry (UN Conference: FDI from Developing and Transition Economies, 2006, p 30-31). On the other hand, the foreign portfolio investment is a non controlling interest in a company or ownership of a loan made to another party. This can be in the form of stocks in a company or loans to a company in the forms of bonds, bills, or notes purchased by the investor. They are comparatively safer than FDIs in terms of risk. Conclusion The changing extent, character and geography of MNE activity over the past two decades is itself a reflection of a series of path-breaking technological, economic and political events. But internationalization is not a one size fits all approach have different motives to go global and do it in the way that best suits their business models and gives them maximum returns. Whichever method a company adopts, it goes through a learning process and increases its knowledge throughout the process. Internationalization has indeed become the need of the hour for companies to sustain their businesses in the long run and develop companys strategic and organizational capabilities.

Reduction of Natural Resources Essay -- Environment Developing Essays

Reduction of Natural Resources Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to make known the negative social implications of the â€Å"catching-up development myth† through globalization and to break down specific concepts of vertical and lateral oppression from the top natural resources consumers of oil in the world. This paper also demonstrates my interest in creating biological and economic equity in the world through breaking down these oppressive frameworks and hence, my interest in obtaining knowledge about alternative energy uses to be used as a tool to help liberate others in places of need. The â€Å"catching up development myth† as explained by Maria Mies and Vandana Shiva in Ecofeminism, is the idea that underdeveloped countries (meaning, countries that do not equal or exceed the industrial capabilities of modernized counties like the U.S.), through modern technology, are given equal opportunity to become as economically progressive as other countries like the U.S. It is a false precept in many ways. The U.S. has become a model for industrial countries because it has exploited other underdeveloped countries in order to gain its economic power. If underdeveloped countries were to â€Å"catch-up† to where the U.S. is today, they would also need to find another country that they could exploit as much as the U.S. exploits them. When economic reasons are discussed as to the possibilities of unlimited growth in underdeveloped countries the externalization of cost is almost never factored in. The economic, social, and most importantly ecological costs of constant growth in industrialized countries have been and are shifted to the people of underdeveloped countries. Both economic and social costs can be seen in the Maquiladoras on the b... ... natural resources like oil. Understanding ones role in this conceptual framework is also essential in creating a paradigm shift toward ones own awareness and participation in consuming the world’s natural resources such as oil. Building solar houses, using alternative energy sources for transportation, self-sustainability through growing ones own food can all contribute to creating a paradigm shift towards a more Earth sustaining living environments. These are just a few of the things that both affluent and poor countries can do to help deconstruct the negative codependent relationships that currently exist between each other. Works Cited: Mies, Maria, Shiva Vandana. Ecofeminism, Fernwood Publishing Halifax, Nova Scotia, 1993, pp 60 and 302. Weisman, Alan. Gaviotas, A Village to Reinvent the World, Chelsea Green Publishing Co., Vermont, 1998, pp126-127.

Self and Imagination in Romanticism

The Romantic era is denoted by an extensive questioning and expression of challenging notions building on the convictions of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment challenged the Christian Orthodoxy which had dominated Europe for 1,000 years. Romanticism proposed an exploration of self, emphasising the primacy of the individual and a vision of humankind animated by the imagination, endorsing a reverence and personal connection to nature. The set texts Fancy and Ode to a Nightingale explore a world created by imagination, emphasising the importance of reflection and sustaining a relationship with nature.Northanger Abbey however, examines the interplay between reason and imagination. The related text Thanatopsis possesses tropes of Dark Romanticism, depicting humanity’s curiosity of the supernatural whilst Beethoven’s works analyse the expression of intense emotion and nature as a moral force. A propensity for self analysis and introspection is a feature of Romanticism. Thi s notion gained impetus as a response to the Neo-Classicist belief that humans were created as social beings, designed to conform to the status quo and abide by tradition.As well as a defiance against social duty and personal discipline, an emphasis on the individual came about as a result of anti-establishmentism. Closely connected to the Romantics’ rejection of the artificial was a growing opposition to established institutions such as the monarchy and the Church. Paul Brians, an American Scholar stated â€Å"The idea that the best path to faith is through individual choice, the idea that the government exists to serve individuals who have created it†¦ are products of the Romantic celebration of the individual at the expense of society and tradition. Social conventions and acceptable barometers of behaviour are questioned through the responders’ identification with protagonists who are marginalised or ‘different’. This is seen through the character isation of Emily Bronte’s, Heathcliff and Mary Shelley’s, Monster. Romantic ideologues, in contrast to Neo-Classicists, valued the solitary state and the unique qualities of an individual’s mind rather than the outer social world. Romanticism encouraged the creative exploration of the inner self and praised unconventionality.Such focus is shown through the continual use of first-person lyrical poems. This technique is prevalent in Keats’ works, particularly in his poem Ode to a Nightingale. Keats questions â€Å"Do I wake or sleep? † – his proclivity toward direct voice accentuates the importance of self reflection and moulds reader response. Keats describes the archetypal outsider – an obsessive, egocentric man of extremes who is disenchanted with life. These periods of deep introspection highlight the importance placed on feelings and creative contemplation.For the Romantics, objective outlook is inundated by a new focus on the indi vidual and the subconscious. The Romantic emphasis on introspection and imaginative reflection is critiqued in Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey through the characterisation of the protagonist, Catherine Morland. Catherine is described as an atypical Gothic heroine -â€Å"No one who had ever seen Catherine Morland in her infancy, would have supposed her to be born an heroine† – and through her reflections and fanciful Gothic delusions, the composer highlights how imaginings hinder personal growth and objective outlook.Through dramatic irony, Austen derides these fantasies and demonstrates how they conflict with everyday realities. The composer suggests that a love for Gothic literature, or the supernatural – found in the contemporary texts of her time as a Romantic concept – contributes to impaired judgment and unworldliness. Through the growth of the antagonists in her story, Austen describes social pretension and unlike the concerns of Gothic litera ture, tells of a natural evil rather than the bizarre, macabre story lines of Gothic texts.Austen criticises the notion of the supernatural, but reinforces the Romantic ideal that personal freedom is of more importance than complying with social mores as depicted in the expulsion of Catherine from the Abbey. The scene of General Tilney’s dismissal of Catherine uncovers a dark, secretive side of human psychology, parallel to the villainous figures in Gothic novels, particularly Radcliffian works. Through plot development, Austen reveals that Gothic texts are an imaginative delineation of a mundane evil found within everyday society and hence, contribute to an understanding of the Romantic ideal of individualism.Romanticism fostered the idea that the ideal world that was conjured up by the imagination was more real than the material world and that the metaphysical or transcendental spiritual reality that was conjured by the senses and the imagination had more authenticity. Roma ntics believed that ‘Fancy’ was crucial to the expansion of the human mind and spirit. Keats frequently references the imagination as a source of elation and exhilaration, his poem Fancy focusing on how the creative power of the mind can enhance the human experience and impart immortality. She will bring, in spite of frost,/Beauties that the earth hath lost;† Keats implies that Fancy is a way of preserving feelings and periods, providing an escape from the bitterness of a Romantic ideologue’s reality. The philosopher Emmanuel Kant acknowledged imagination as the source of order and Friedrich Von Schelling argued that imagination had â€Å"a divine quality that was triggered by the generating power of the universe. † The divine was quintessential to Romantic ideology, Romantics striving for perfectibility which they felt was only achieved through nature.The height of imaginative experience is the concept of the sublime. Crucial to the full expression of imagination, the sublime was the cause of awe and terror. Nature’s rugged beauty and power was seen as both a source of jealousy and inspiration evident in William Cullen Bryant’s Thanatopsis. â€Å"The planets, all the infinite host of heaven,/Are shining on the sad abodes of death† describes nature as a transcendental force that surpasses the limitations of the superficial world. The importance of the sublime was stressed as a result of pantheism which saw nature as a powerful, untamed force to be worshipped.Pantheism came about as a response to deism and its rational view of the world as being ordered, possessing mechanistic patterns and laws. Deism supported the idea that social order was hierarchal and that human existence was divinely ordered and sanctioned. Romantics however, shared the belief that reality was organic and without any set order. Romanticism brought forward the idea that with Nature lay an ideal state, free from the artificial aspects an d constraints of civilisation. To be alone in wild, lonely places was for the Romantics to be near to heaven.This is obvious in Beethoven’s works, particularly Moonlight Sonata, which is known to be a musical delineation of the night sky. Nature was described by the Romantics as innocent and virtuous, an entity that could not be tainted by the wrongs of humanity. In this way, Beethoven depicts the morality of nature through his delicate harmonies and the employment of adagio, creating a tone of gentleness. The composer uses the musical techniques of dolce and legato to pacify his audience.The Romantic idea that nature was a moral force and guideline was used by Beethoven to criticise the French Revolution. Beethoven’s 5th piano concerto, known as The Emperor, was a political statement inspired by the ideas of justice and freedom as a result of his disillusionment with Napoleon. The idea of liberation and independence was central to Romantic ideals, a notion which came about as a response to middle and lower-class oppression and society’s hindrance of self-expression.Through their interpretations, whether they literary or musical, Romantics found within nature a means of expressing themselves. The universe was seen as mysterious, ruled by hidden, dark and supernatural forces. This is evident in the prevalence of references to the Exotic and Gothic in Romantic texts. Keats’ La Belle Dame Sans Merci tells of a woman of supernatural beauty, describing her as â€Å"a faery’s child† implying the seductress is other-worldly. This fascination with the Exotic was a response to the novelty of international exploration.Romantics had an obsession with other cultures different either in time or distance: the old and the primitive (Keats’ Ode on a Grecian Urn a perfect example of how the ancient influenced Romantic texts through his frequent references to ancient Greece as he describes â€Å"Tempe or the dales of Arcady? â⠂¬ ), Oriental, alien, vanished or Gothic. Following naturally from the Romantic interest with the old and exotic was an attraction to the supernatural and bizarre as seen in Gothicism. Gothicism was the preoccupation with the supernatural, influenced by a desire to defy the God-fearing Catholic Church.Examples of its relevance in Romantic texts can be seen in Bronte’s Wuthering Heights and Bryant’s Thanatopsis. Bronte writes of â€Å"spectres† whilst Bryant writes of â€Å"His favourite phantom† portraying the Romantic predilection to the paranormal. The complex concepts of self and imagination are analysed by the ideologues of the Romantic era through their subversion of the conventional measures of behaviour and their defiance against the traditional notions of the Enlightenment. These ideas formed the basis of the Romantic period and hence dominate Romantic texts.

bass essays

bass essays Noting pulsating beats while listening to any song brings one thing to mind, the electric bass. Playing the bass is easy to learn but difficult to master. It takes time, dedication and hard work to master this skill. You must first learn how to hold the bass, also the proper way to play the strings, but then be able to put that with scales, and good timing. After studding bass guitar for years one is then able to go anywhere musically with their instrument. There are many basses and the ways you hold them. For instance, with an upright bass, it needs to be rested on ground and stand while you play, and with an electric bass, one will want to wear a strap while standing and playing. Being right-handed or left-handed determines a lot about how the bass is positioned. The strings are played with your right hand if youre right handed, and vise versa if youre left handed. With a proper technique, one is in the right direction to playing. Most bassist use their thumb, index, middle, and pinky to play the strings, while applying pressure to the strings in between the frets on the neck. Other bassist will use a pick to play, but they dont have as much control. How the strings are played isnt as important as how one places their fingers on the frettboard. When there is a lack of pressure a muted sound is created, so it is important to apply enough pressure. Applying enough pressure in the right place is also necessary, if youre not in between the frets you may get a sound you do not want. Learning the different scales will help one to piece everything together. Not knowing the scales might affect how quickly youre able to play songs, and how good your ability to play with others. If a guitarist is playing in the key of A, you want to stay in that key a stay clear of accidentals. Playing in one key will help you to keep a sound that is pleasing to the ear. Just one wrong note can ruin an entire song,...

Analysis of Elizabeth Barrett Browning Essays

Analysis of Elizabeth Barrett Browning Essays Analysis of Elizabeth Barrett Browning Paper Analysis of Elizabeth Barrett Browning Paper Elizabeth Barrett Browning wrote the poem ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese XLIII’ shortly after she eloped with Robert Browning and married him. ’ Sonnets from the Portuguese’ was a sequence of poems that readers thought must have been translations from Portuguese but were actually all Brownings’ own work and were given this name, as her husband’s pet name for her was my little Portuguese. With this in mind, it is clear that the poems were written from her to her husband. The poem is a petrarchan sonnet which uses iambic pentameter. The poem has a very feminine tone to it which can be identified quickly through the type of diction used ‘Being and ideal Grace’, ‘every day’s Most quiet need,’. The poem begins with the persona asking a rhetorical question of ‘How do I love thee? ’ and then goes on to answer the question herself by listing the different ways in which she loves her husband. The first way describes love to the ‘depth’, ‘breadth’ and ‘height’ that the persona’s soul can reach. The use of tripling is using the soul as a spatial metaphor comparing the soul to a three dimensional physical object as all things in the universe are, meaning the love is real and spans the measurement of the whole depth and length of the universe. The use of tripling could also suggest some sort of reference to the holy trinity taking the love to not only a physical but also a spiritual level, as she refers to the soul which is the body and spirit infused. ‘when feeling out of sight For the ends of being and ideal grace,’ shows that the persona loves to the essence of her being to the end of existence. This refers to the natural order and explaining how her love reaches all the way to the top of the chain, to God. The ‘ideal Grace’ being God’s gift of salvation and the eternal love and bliss felt in his presence. This is likening the love for her husband to the love she has for God. The use of enjambment in lines three and four adds additional emphasis to the measure of how far the persona’s love extends. The use of rhyme with ‘feeling’ and ‘Being’ in these lines helps to tie the poem together more tightly. The second way describes how she loves ‘to the level of every day’s Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. ’ The use of imagery through ‘sun and candle-light’ is quite abstract as they are different references to light, something that takes place out of the physical world. This suggests a love that goes through time and is on the same level as her most basic human needs through day or night such as air. The third way ‘I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;’ is describing how she loves of her own free will, not through force, threat or obligation and how this love is necessary to her happiness just as it is that men strive freely for right. The forth way ‘I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. ’ describes how her love is not lust, it is purely love and not to receive any praise. The fifth way ‘with a passion put to use In my old griefs,’ suggests that she loves with the same depth of feeling as the grief she has felt in her past. The use of the word passion could also be a biblical reference meaning that she loves with such intensity that it resembles the suffering of Christ’s crucifixion. The anaphora of ‘I love thee’ repeated in lines seven, eight and nine emphasizes by the structure of them that the poem is a list of loving. The sixth way ‘with my childhood’s faith. ’ Describes how she loves with trust and innocence and with the sort of blind and unquestionable faith that existed inside of her when she was a child. There is a subtle chiasmus of sounds f and s on line ten which forces the reader to enunciate and stress this line so it is likely to be very important for Browning. The seventh way ‘with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints. ’ Is describing how she thought she had lost this feeling of pure strong love with her lost loved ones who are now in heaven but now she loves him in that same way. It makes the love more realistic. She has felt sadness, anger, loss and loneliness in the past and this has an effect on how she loves in the present. ‘lost saints’ seems to be counterbalanced with the alliteration of l, ‘love’, ‘lose’ lost’ and the sibilance of ‘seemed’, lose’ ‘saints’. The eighth way ‘with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life’ describes how she loves him with all of the happiness and sadness that she’s ever felt and ever likely to and that she loves him with her very life and will until her last breath. The final way ‘and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. ’ Is saying that if she is permitted to heaven after death and God allows her, her love will continue eternally and even greater than at present as she will feel God’s love and have that to feel for him as well as her own love. This could be seen as hyperbole by some readers. The word’ love’ is used ten times throughout the poem. The fact that the word ‘love’ is used and that there are no synonyms for love used, shows that the love is consistent and unchanging and that the only thing the persona is concerned with is pure love. There is also repetition of ‘I love thee’ which places emphasis on these words. There is lots of assonance used of the long ‘e’ vowel sound in words such as ‘reach’, ‘feeling’, ‘Being’ and ‘ideal which seems to make the poem a bit livelier and brighter and reminds us of ‘thee’ beloved one. This along with the repetition of the ‘th’ ‘breadth’, ‘depth’, ‘thee’ as well as words such as ‘freely’ and ‘purely’ help the poem to flow very easily and can be drawn out to make it last just like the persona’s love. The sibilance throughout the poem makes it seem very soft and soothing and accentuates the feminine qualities of the poem. The Octave in the poem is very positive and draws analogies between the love of the persona and religious and political ideals where as the sestet starts to mention negative experiences and appears to draw analogies between the intensity of Browning’s own feelings when writing the poem and the intensity of love that she felt earlier in her life with the loss of her mother and brothers and likely the recent loss of her father and brothers due to her new love with her husband Robert. On further reading of the poem the reader gets the impression that not only is this a list of the different ways in which she loves but also a vow to her husband. The last line ‘I shall but love thee better after death’ gives the feeling that she is making a promise to her husband to love him forever. This is likely to have been because Browning had been ill for most of her life and had thought about death so wanted her husband to know that if she were to be gone, her love for him would carry on.

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Essay - 6

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective - Essay Example Theorists such as Krugman, Chandler, and Rugman have developed theories that eliminate the weaknesses of the diamond model. According to Porter, he argues that the success of a nation is dependent on the prosperity of its firms. The nation acts as home base essential for an organization’s economic growth and provides competitive advantages. Porter uses the Diamond concept in determining economic growth rate of a nation. The Diamond concept offers a concept of understanding firms and their management of resources. It also gives the competitive advantages of different businesses in a nation. The first attribute is the factor condition, which is crucial to organizations growth. This attribute helps in improving cluster structure. The cluster structure involves the relation between customer, skill, technology, and distribution of products. These clusters are vital in attaining economic success at a national level. – example ? The Italian tile industry gained competitive advantage because of the cluster structure of the business. Organizations in the industry relate well with customers and they have workers who have essential skills of producing the product. The industry has also succeeded because of the use of the kiln technology, which helps in minimizing the cost of energy used to produce tiles. The industry developed this technology after the oil crisis of the 1980s, which motivated companies to develop new ways of remaining competitive. The second attribute is demand conditions, which concerns with home market nature such as home demand influence. The home demand can be affected by customer’s wants and needs (e.g local demand of product). The domestic demand plays a significant role in shaping an organization’s innovativeness and ability to upgrade, which are vital in determining breakthrough of the organization in the national market. – example? The wine producing industry in France has developed

Investigate the BMW Automobiles - one of the global companies Essay

Investigate the BMW Automobiles - one of the global companies - Essay Example Social media has provided a platform for marketers including BMW to have a voice as well as a way to communicate with customers. It has furthermore provided a way to personalize brands and help spread out the brand message in a conversational and relaxed mode. BMW (Bavarian Motor Works) a Germany manufacturing company that specializes in automobiles, motorcycles, as well as engine making was founded 96 years ago and has operations worldwide with divisions and manufacturing plants in more than 13 countries on all five continents (Robson, 2008). BMW and Honda are two different companies targeting very different clientele. BMW generally invests a lot in technology 85% of their investments is in technology as their target market are the affluent buyers which in turn helps BMW maintain its incredible high margins. Honda, on the other hand, is more focused on price tags and mass production of vehicles to maintain or even make profits. Furthermore, it can be said that customers of Honda can upgrade to BMW status while BMW customers very rarely downgrade to Hondas. Since BMW invests heavily in technology, with the use of their e-marketing strategy, which incorporates social network applications with the likes of Facebook, YouTube and Twitter in order to reach a high number of people at fairly low costs. BMW’s use of social media allows for multimedia as well as interactive communication with numerous customers thus allowing better marketing (Mbwette, 2013). While Honda, on the other hand, has less than 50% investment in technology but rely mostly on pricing and TV commercials to make sales in the various countries that Honda sells because the Honda company is generally reluctant on spending money especially to do with promotions. Regarding BMW, the general overall impressions are impressive their business model is great, everything

Introduction and conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduction and conclusion - Essay Example out a group of people and imposing such restrictions to their fundamental rights is also tantamount to a violation of the equal protection clause guaranteed by the XIV Amendment.1 Is the act of performing voluntary work by the Ontario High School Students as a condition or requisite to graduate violative of their freedom and the equal protection clause? Is it not true that sometimes individual freedom may be curtailed or the exercise of the same be limited for the benefit of the larger group of people? Is it not also true that there is no violation of the equal protection clause when there is a â€Å"rational basis† behind the restriction or grouping? When one is compelled to do something against ones will or at peril of loss to oneself there is a violation of the freedom guaranteed by the US Constitution.2 To compel the Ontario High School students to do volunteer work at the cost of not graduating if one does not comply is violative of their individual freedom. There is no rational basis for the curtailment of such right. No greater good is brought to the bigger population. Lacking a rational basis and serving no legitimate state purpose this is a burden that also violative of the equal protection clause.3 This condition must be stricken off. There is no room for such unreasonable restrictions in the halls of learning where individualism and freedom is meant to take wings and fly; to soar and create bigger and greater things for humanity to appreciate and

Modern culture Essay Example for Free

Modern culture Essay As has lately been pointed out (Hesmondhalgh, 2002; Negus, 2002) this term has been used with some quite differing meanings or at least deviating from Bourdieus original intentions (Bourdieu, 1986). If they can be seen as active and cognizant agents of social and cultural change change in the supposed interests of themselves and the class fraction to which they go, as Bourdieu would have it then they have been recognized with cultural critics (Bourdieu, 1986; Hesmondhalgh, 2002); those promoting a new lifestyle (OConnor and Wynne, 1998); and those who choose which products go forward during the cultural production chain. It has also been used to portray those who make things happen, putting artists, money and audiences together in a means that creates new cultural possibilities. This might comprise Diaghilev, or Brian Epstein, or Charles Saatchi. At a more ordinary level it can be used to portray those who are able to translate between the language of policy makers and that of the cultural producers. As with the A+R men (music industry talent scouts: Artists and Repertoire) in Negus description these intermediaries work to bond one level of discourse to another to symbolize the interests of cultural producers within the framework of wider policy development, and speak this language back to those producers. By the time Tony Blairs New Labour came to power in 1997 in the U. K. the cultural industries had a well-built policy presence it was here that consultants and policy makers had interpreted academic literature and practical illustrations into coherent policy possibilities. The narrative context for this was boosted by New Labor’s legitimizing of the cultural industries and the term creative acceptable an argument about a benign combination of culture and economics to be placed at the level of personal potential and aspiration. Those in the sector could now distinguish themselves and others as creatives (Caves, 2000; Florida, 2002). At the same time the cultural industries also became a U. K. policy export, with consultants and now academics being asked by many European cities to advice on culture as a motor of economic development. Though, the interaction of these policy intermediaries with extremely different contexts destined that the work of definition had to be done over, and as such the narratives spelled out more evidently. Often this was not easy as the cultural (and by now creative) industry discourse was linked with Blairs Third Way, or with some Anglo-U. S. assault on a European cultural policy consent. Certainly it was quite clear that a shift in discourse would challenge recognized policy consensus. The terminology itself brought fresh problems; whereas the U. K. can use industry almost interchangeably with economic sector, elsewhere it evokes factory production (OConnor, 2000b). Cultural enterprise or cultural business frequently had to supplement the main term. In fact cultural industries became greatly an imported neologism, given in the English original and then explained (OConnor, 1999a). How the term and the arguments are used and reconfigured depends on the local context. But if it was usually seen as an argument concerning a new relationship between culture and economics, how this relationship was understood could be extremely different, as could too the outcomes envisioned and the groups who picked up the ideas. Policy makers used it to drive diverse agendas job creation, urban regeneration, the commercialization of subsidized culture, emerging new media industries, creating employment, retaining talent, etc. But cultural producers also reacted in different ways some seeing it as a new set of opportunities, others as the thin end of a precarious wedge. â€Å"The perceptions that the creative industries are open to talent, and are indeed dependent on diverse talent, have also been somewhat optimistic† . It must be clear then that in working to construct a new policy object, and in efforting to shift discourses around culture towards economics with the provision that economics too is moving towards culture, the cultural industries discourse rallies a narrative to strengthen its policy goals. These narratives become more obvious when the discourse enters a new framework it has to justify itself and make its arguments obvious not simply as technical policy tools but as concerned with the primary direction and meaning of modern culture.

American Secularism: Intent Analysis Essay -- Politics, The Separation

Dwight Eisenhower once wrote that, â€Å"Without God, there could be no American form of government† (Forbes, 2009: 1). Decades later, in a speech in Turkey, President Barack Obama claimed that America does not consider itself a Judeo-Christian nation. Modern arguments about the separation of church and state tend to seize upon such statements. But neither opinion can truly elucidate the true nature of American secularism (or lack thereof). Instead of criticizing Eisenhower for breaching that fabled wall of separation, or President Obama for conducting an arbitrary public opinion poll during a speech, focus must shift to the Founders. Specifically, the words of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, those men most widely documented on this issue, must be examined. From the synthesis of these men’s views, the documents they had a leading role in crafting, and historical perspective, a vision of American religious freedom is apparent. With the Constitution, the Framers inst ituted bold, practical boundaries for the interaction of organized religion and the federal government (Jefferson’s â€Å"wall†). But they did not envision the federally mandated â€Å"walls† that currently stand between the (local) public square and basic religious manifestations or practices. A narrower interpretation of the Establishment clause is closer to what was instituted by the Framers. This paper will argue that a wall of separation between church and (the federal) state was erected only insofar as the Constitution dictates it in the religion clauses. It will also posit that the present interpretation of that separation is a thoroughly modern construct built by modern society and actions of the federal government. This will focus around two main arguments: that federal... .... This divergence is the result of an effort to enlist the Framers in a defense of certain positions; positions based in legal frameworks never enacted by those men. If these arguments are accepted, a reevaluation of federal attitudes is in order. Rolling back a century of incorporation doctrine would be both impossible and foolish. But the executive can refrain from prosecuting states who institute laws that appear within the realm of state sovereignty in the area of secularism. Ultimately, of course, the decision will rest with the courts. If the arguments presented here (and similarly elsewhere) are accepted, an overhaul in judicial interpretation of the Establishment Clause should be undertaken by the judicial branch. Thus a legitimate debate over secularism can begin that does not inaccurately shroud modern constructs of secularism in the aura of the Framers.

Assignment 26 Safeguarding

15 ASSIGNMENT 26 UNDERSTAND HOW TO SAFEGUARD THE WELLBEING OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE TASK A BREIFING NOTES FOR NEW WORKERS HOW TO SAFEGUARD THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN Every child or young person has the undeniable right to grow and develop in a safe environment that safeguards them from abuse and maltreatment, to enable them to have the best available life chances to develop into young adults. There is no single piece of legislation for safeguarding children in the UK but lots of laws and guidelines which are changing all the time with new legislation.This is passed by Westminster, the Welsh Assembly Government, Northern Ireland Assembly and the Scottish Parliament this is Statutory Law. The way courts interpret laws is known as Case Law which can have an effect on changing Statutory Law. Child Protection legislation is in 2 categories Civil law and Criminal law. 16. Civil Law is in 2 areas Public Law which puts systems and processes to reduce the risk of children coming to harm a nd says what action should happen if they are at risk. Private Law sorts out family contact and divorce. Accompanying material: Promoting Wellbeing and ResilienceCriminal Law deals with people who have offended or are at risk of offending against children. The Children and young Persons Act 1933 is the oldest piece of legislation with only parts of it still in force today, it gives a list of offences against children known as Schedule One Offences. These include sexual assault, different forms of abuse and maltreatment ranging from murder to neglect. Anyone found guilty of one or more of these offences becomes a Schedule One Offender regardless of their age or sentence and this status will stay with them for life.They will be monitored by the local authorities who keep a record of where they live and who with, they need to go to the police station to sign a register on very regular bases to prove that they are and still living where logged Sex offenders Act 1997. Children Act 1989 is the bases of the current child protection system. It has a number of principles The Paramountcy Principl e that means a child’s welfare is paramount when making decisions about their upbringing, a court needs to know the child’s feelings and what they want and only make an order if it’s better for the hild than not making one, where possible retaining family links and the child’s home. Parental Responsibility was introduced which is â€Å"the rights, responsibilities and duties by law a parent of a child has regarding the child and their property†. It also states the local authority has a duty to investigate 17. and protect if they have reasonable cause to think a child is suffering or likely to suffer any sort of harm. Likewise has a duty to provide â€Å"services for children in need and their families†.England and Wales have a separate document working together to Safe guard Children 2006 which emphasises the responsibilities of Professionals towards children at risk and to work together with other agency’s/authorities. The Welsh Asse mbly Government 2006 working together under the Children Act 2004, The Children (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 and the Children (Scotland) Act 1995 all share the same principles but have their own guidance, as Children Act 1989.The death of Victoria Climbie by her carers, led to an inquiry into how she and others over the years died, the Lambing Report made by Lord Laming criticised the approach to protecting children in society thus led to EVERY CHILD MATTERS GREEN PAPER which in turn led to the Children Act 2004 as services for children were still not working together to protect and identify vulnerable children. This brought in children’s directors who have the responsibility for education, Local authority and children’s social services. Lead Councillors who have political responsibility for child welfare.A Common Assessment Framework to help notice welfare needs for agencies. 18. Local Safeguarding Children’s Boards who have statuary powers to make sure all se rvices (education, police, NHS Social Services youth justice system) work together promoting the wellbeing and make arrangements to safeguard and promote the welfare of children and investigate all child deaths in their area. Bichard Inquiry where a caretaker who was known to be a danger to children by one police authority, who’s vetting CRB check didn’t flag this up by another authority.This brought in the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 which made a centralized vetting and barring scheme for people working with children. Working with Northern Irelands safeguarding vulnerable groups (NI) order 2007 and Scotland’s protection of vulnerable groups (Scotland) Act 2007 makes a robust system for vetting staff and barring people who are unsuitable to work with children across the whole of the UK. The Children Act 2004 made it illegal to hit a child if it causes mental harm or a lasting mark on the skin.Sexual Offences Act 2003 updated the legislation relating to offences against children to include grooming, abuse of a position of trust, child trafficking; this also covers offences committed whilst abroad by a UK citizen. 19. Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 made it a criminal offence for Uk nationals or permanent UK residents to take or help take a girl abroad to carry out genital mutilation. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 says people who commit child sex offences abroad, even if it’s not illegal in the country they committed it will still face prosecution in the UK.Data Protection Act Organisations holding personal data to keep it secure, use it only when needed and accurate and kept up to date. Child protection with in a wider concept of safeguarding All agencies, services and authorities not only have a duty to safeguarding children from neglect or abuse but to have a Staying Safe Action Plan enabling every child to enjoy safe environment wherever they spend their time. It’s vital that carers/staff have a good understanding of the risks to children’s safety.By having an up to date Safety representative making risk assessments on the venue and activities under taken, keeping them safe from accidents and promoting their welfare in a safe and healthy environment. An action Plan to safeguard from bulling, crime and in some beliefs forced marriages need to be in place. This affects the day to day child care working place by; All employees’ to be CRB checked and a duty to inform the Safeguarding Authorities if any staff or volunteer poses a threat to the children. 20.Staff must sign a confidentiality agreement, stating not to discuss or post any details of the children by word or internet to anyone except staff or local authorities if needed. Health and Safety with risk assessment made on the venue and activities taking place there. Have all windows and doors locked/secure so the children can’t get out and strangers can’t get in. Visitors to the venue can onl y be allowed in, if they are known/expected to staff and/or identification is shown. Visitors need to be signed in the visitor’s book and signed out again when they leave the building.Have a policy for the protection of children and arrangements to liaise with local safeguarding authorities Log all comments or incidents you observe and deem to be potentially harmful to establish a file, and contacting Social Services or Child Protection if a case is proving likely. Staff to be Qualified and appropriate training kept up to date i. e. First Aid, Health and Safety, Food Hygiene and Child Protection. All outings to be risked assessed, children to wear high visible jackets, the correct ratio of staff to children and a list of all children with contact details of their carer and consent for them to go on the outing.To hold all parent contact details and medical needs of all children. 21. To have a senior adequately trained member of staff to undertake all of the above. Inquiries an d Serious Case Reviews processes are required when a child dies and neglect or abuse is suspected or known to be a factor of the death and they are called in by the Local Safeguarding Children’s Board (LSCB) they involve all local Authority Children’s Services, Police, Health, School or any other agency felt needed. All involved services make a management review of its practices to see if any changes need to be made.An independent overview report is done which looks at the management reports and they make recommendations, they are commissioned by the LSCB. Ofsted are notified by the Local Authorities of all cases that lead to a Serious Case Review whether it a death or suffered harm as a result of abuse/neglect or there are concern/media coverage raised about a professional practice. The process used by my work setting regarding data information, information handling and sharing is they hold information on children in order to support their development, progress and pr ovide pastoral care and to assess how we are doing as a whole.The information consists of contact details, attendance, ethnic groups, relevant medical needs and any special educational needs. Sometime we are required to pass on data to Local Authorities; they will make an assessment of any special educational needs. Dept. Education and skills use the data for research and statistical purposes to allocate funds and improve education policy and agencies such as Ofsted they use data about progress, performance of children to help inspectors to evaluate the Early Learning settings and part of Ofsted’s assessment of effectiveness of 22.Education initiatives and policy and Qualification and curriculum Authority use information about children to administer national assessments such as the Foundation Stage Profile. At 5yrs assessment are made on all children and passed onto Local Authority. We hold information including, contact details, progress reports, relevant medical information , attendance and accident/injury records and records of observation and assessment of children’s achievement and development. Attached is a copy of our confidentiality policy and procedure.TASK B 1. Safeguarding children is important because far too many children experience abuse and/or neglect by their parents/carers. This is very sadly rising from 25,700 in 2003 to 26,400 in 2006 in England alone. 2. A person-centred approach is important as Every Child Matters so they can be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and enjoy economic well-being, having a national framework to aid the joining of all the services, to plan and meet the needs of individuals rather than a group.All children have the right to have their voices heard regarding plans and events in their lives as stated by the United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child. 3. What is meant by a partnership working in the context of safeguarding children is people and agencies who ar e involved with the welfare of a child working with professionals such as Child minders, Health visitor’s, police, GP, Social Workers, School and local community. 23. 4. Organisation Role of organisationResponsibility Social Services Assessing children’s needs in the community.The wellbeing, protection and health . of the child NSPCC Identify and prevent child crueltyChild protection, ensuring an appropriate and speedy response Health VisitorAssess child development Health of the young child and work with . S/Services and Police and agencies GPHealth care to the communityGet the appropriate agencies involved and work alongside themProbation Support convicted people rehabilitate Supervise offender to reduce reoffending Protecting the public Police Criminal proceedings in Safeguardingto investigate any criminal offences. 24. School Educate young peopleMonitor the child and work with S/Service . and Child Protection Psychology Service CounsellingWork with the child and s upport them with issues regarding to the abuse Leisure groups i. e. (Scouts) Teach life skills/sportsWork with the Agencies involved and . o be trained in Child Protection. Child MinderTake care and look after young people To be trained in Child Protection so they can . Identify early abuse and work with other agencies Task C It is important to keep children protected in the work setting, as parent/carers intrust their children into your care to keep them from harm and they need to be confidant that their child is safe, failure to do so is a breach of professional values.There are policies that protect the child and adult who works with them. 25. Physical contact: Have clear policies on how to manage it. Young children need physical contact sometimes when they hurt themselves, fallen over etc. where a cuddle can help them to recover back to play, as well as medical help if needed. Too much can be easily mistaken and people have lost their jobs and reputations, you must always make sure you are clear at what is acceptable and have a clear open play area for all to see.With very young children and babies, intermit contact is used, such as nappy changing or wet clothes. Policies are there to safeguard you and the child, never do this with a door closed or out of sight of your colleagues. Photos: written consent from the parents for photos to be taken and used within the setting and their journals or publications/newsletters. Always get parents to sign to say they will only use photos/videos of the children i. e. concert and nativity for their own personal use and not to be put on the internet or social networking sites.CRB Checks: Are made on all staff to safeguard the children. Staff are in a position of trust by the parent/carer and the child. Children look up to and respect people in positions of trust, so think very carefully about your own behaviour and example you set. Listening to children can give you a lot of information and sometimes things of concern, if that is the case try not to agree to keep it a secret, tell them you will share it with your manager. Make sure you record all details and report it if you are concerned about their welfare. 26.Whistle blowing: If you have any idea of poor practice, whether it’s a colleague or manager you must report it and not ignore it. Approach another member of staff or managers tell them and put your concerns in writing with all the facts, make sure something is done. You have the right to be protected from the person you have raised concerns about (UK Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998) Outings: need to be risk assessed, outlining traffic danger, equipment, buildings and parks you’re visiting and the weather too and minimise or delete the hazard using control measures. I. e. walking in the street.Hazard: traffic and the child wondering off, so make sure you have the correct ratio of adults to children on an outing and to wear hi vis wear. The weather, a child getting wet or cold, so make sure you have the correct clothes. Steps can be difficult for young children so make sure they have adult help. Task D In the context of safeguarding children there are recognisable signs that can indicate abuse, neglect are taking place. Not all signs actually mean it is, for instance some African/Asian children can have dark blue like areas on their lower back and buttocks known as Mongolian Blue Spot.Darkened skin or birthmarks can be mistaken for bruising. One of the first signs is Emotional and behaviour rather than physical marks. Emotional Abuse is where love, acceptance and approval is not given and constantly been blamed or criticized. Signs of this can include low self-esteem, neurotic behaviour, hair twisting, continual rocking, self-harm, development delay or sudden change or problem with speech such as stammering, extreme 27. withdrawal or aggression. Emotional abuse is usually linked with neglect.Physical abuse is where a child is harmed or hurt by hittin g, beating with objects, kicked, shaken or thrown and can cause bruising, cuts, injury’s (broken bones) or even death. Signs of this can be wearing too much clothing trying to cover up, refusal to change for PE or take clothes off in the warm weather. Burns and injuries that are unexplained and reoccur, bald patch in their hair, frightened to be touched and shying or dodging back if approached and aggressive behaviour towards others and themselves. Look out for grasp marks on the body i. e.Arms, neck, chest, knees and shoulder’s, finger marks on their cheeks and outline of objects like belt buckle on their buttocks. Neglect is where a parent/carer doesn’t provide shelter, warmth, food that is nourishing, clothes and protection. Possible signs of this could include constantly hungry or stealing food the lack of normal body weight, poor personal hygiene and dress, untreated medical issues, poor or if any social relationships, constant tiredness and destructive ten dencies. Sexual abuse is when a child is persuaded or forced into taking part in sexual acts/situations.This ranges from being shown sexual images, being touch inappropriately, harassed by sexual comments and suggestions and forced to have sex. Signs of this can be sexual knowledge/behaviour far more ahead of their age, don’t like being touch or close to people or removing clothing for examination or PE at school, start to bed wet and soil day and night, withdrawn and not being able to concentrate, regressing to younger behaviour such as thumb sucking, become insecure, loss of appetite, trying to be over perfect, a sudden dislike to be left with someone (uncle, friend, babysitter etc. and drawing sexual images. 28. D2 Action Description 1. ListenListen carefully to what they say. 2. ReactionDon’t look shocked or ask leading questions. 3. CommunicateTalk at the child’s pace without pressure. 4. BelieveAccept what the child is saying. 5. AssuranceTell them they ar e right to tell someone. 6. Never PromiseNever promise to keep it a secret. 7. Never JudgeNever put the perpetrator down as they could still love them. 8. ReportReport it to your manager. 9. Log Write all the facts down. 10. AlertAlert the appropriate authorities.D3 Example of the rights children and their carer’s has in cases of harm/abuse. 1. The child has the right not to be subjected to repeated medical examination and questioning after an allegation of abuse be it physical or sexual in nature. 29. 2. Members of the family have the right to know what is being said about them and have an input to important discussions about theirs and the children’s lives. 3. Children have the right to have their views taken into account about their future and to be kept fully informed in processes involving them and dealt with sensitively.Task E Bulling: there are different types of bulling homophobic because of gender differences, racist due to different ethnic/religious backgroun d, disabilities where they might be in a wheelchair/callipers, special educational needs such as Autism etc. and electronic bulled via the internet/texting. This can be done physically by hitting, kicking, pinching and any violent threats. Verbally name calling, persistent teasing, spreading of rumours and insults/sarcasm. Emotional bulling is when someone is isolating by excluding and not talking to them, torment and humiliation.Cyber bulling is when information is used to cause upset and hurt to somebody by the use of the internet, mobile and technology. Any type of bulling can make a child or young person feel depressed, isolated, sad with a low self-esteem, shy, run away and even suicidal. Policies and Procedure Management have the duty to implement an Anti-Bulling Policy and ensure all staff is aware of it and how to deal with bullying. The manager ensures that all children begin to learn that bulling is wrong and unacceptable behaviour and monitor that it is being implemented. 30. The manager will ensure all staff is sufficiently trained to deal with incidents.Staffs take all forms of bulling very seriously and intervene to prevent incidents happening. A record of any incidents is kept on file and the manager notified. If staff witness an act of bulling they will do all they can to support the person or persons being bullied, if a child is bullied over a period of time after discussion with the manager, the parent will be informed. The pre-school will do all they can to help the child improve their behaviour and make them aware their actions are not acceptable. If the bulling persists the parent will be asked in to discuss this with the manager.Parents who might be concerned that their child is being bullied or suspect them being bullied, should contact the Pre-school manager immediately. Parents have a responsibility to support the Pre-school’s anti bullying policy and actively encourage their child to be a positive member of school life. Parents are also expected to help develop their child’s social skills, in support of the Pre-schools ethos. Story of Bulling A young teenage girl, who had buck teeth and a personal odour problem, enjoyed the internet and social network site as she didn’t have many friends and was a bit of a loner.Her family thought she was a computer whiz as she was very good at ICT so didn’t keep too much of an eye on her, as this was her only 31. Social thing she did. It was during the summer holidays she got a friends request from a boy at school, she accepted the request and started chatting. Over the next 6 weeks, he asked her to be his girlfriend as he had always fancied her, she accepted. They chatted for hours sharing some very intermit things and experiences, she was totally in love with him and he told her he loved her too. She was really looking forward to meeting up with him at school when they went back.On the first day of school they had arranged to meet by the water foun tain in the playground, when she got there she saw him standing waiting along with a large group of girls and boys laughing, calling her names and repeating some of the intermit things she had told him, she realised it was a horrible prank and she was devastated. Over the next few weeks she was so upset and got more and more depressed, not eating and totally shutting herself away and refusing to go to school some days saying she didn’t feel well, as the rumours spread and comments on the internet got worse.Her parents tried talking to her but she just said â€Å"she was fine† and they put it down to teenage and her period pains until one morning when they found her dead, she had taken an overdose and in her hand was a note to her parent saying â€Å"I’m sorry†. Looking back over this story the girl could still be alive if her computer access was monitored in an area open for the family to see. Her teeth could have been seen by an Orthodontic and she could have been taught about personal hygiene at home. School could have discussed this with her and if need be the parents as well.Encouraging her to join after school clubs could also have helped. The school should have noticed the signs of bullying and acted 32. upon it giving the girl support and reassurance whilst dealing with the bullies and explaining that their actions were unacceptable and how it affects people and how they would feel if it was done to them. School should have liaised with the family about their concerns. Task F 1. Giving young people/children praise and encouragement will help with their self-confidence.Teaching them to be more assertive while still respecting others needs and encouraging tolerance and cooperation between their peers and others will help boost children’s self-esteem. 2. It’s important to support resilience when working with children/young people because it helps them deal and cope with different situations, whether they are good o r bad as they get older and develop into young adults. 3. This can be achieved by the family giving the child love and stability, having a good and secure early attachment, a good sense of self identity. In the work place you could o this by helping them to act independently and to encourage them to try new and different things. 4. Children/young people need to develop strategies to protect themselves and make decision about being safe, as this teaches them what is acceptable behaviour and what isn’t. It’s very important they are comfy 33. with whom they are with, what they are doing and what is being done to them. You can support them with this by being approachable to talk too about their concerns and to be caring and reassuring as possible. Children need to learn how to behave in activities and the danger some behaviour has and the consequence it could cause.Road safety is also very important to teach children to keep safe. Educating children about the dangers that some adults pose and how to minimise them, including how to keep safe while they are using the internet/social network sites. Making them aware of the dangers of substance abuse and provide them with age related sex/relationship education including sexual health and safe sex advise and where they can also seek help if they cannot talk to you. 5. Ways of how to empower children/young people to make positive choices. 1 Teach young children about their bodies and how it works.As they get older explaining puberty and how their bodies are changing into young adults and to give them sex/relationship education including contraception/safe sex and sexually transmitted diseases and aware of other agencies that can help them if they need it. 2 Road safety you start when they are very young by holding their hands to cross the road telling them the Green cross code (copy of the code attached) teaching them to cross safely, then moving onto crossing with you without holding your hand, working to being able to cross on their own with supervision, until they can do it without adult supervision. 4. 3. The internet. When young children are using the internet they should have parental supervision and parental security put into place on the computer reducing the risk of assessing inappropriate sites. The computer should be in an open downstairs place where it can be seen (not hidden away in the child bedroom). Ensure you child isn’t using social network sites under age i. e. Facebook has a minimum age of 13yrs. and when they do use these sites, teach them to put their security settings on so only friends can view their age. Never to befriend someone they don’t know or give out personal details/photos even if they say they are the same age, as this could be a much older person grooming or trying to exploit them. These sites can also have the danger of cyber bulling, so give the child the effective advice of what to do if any of this happens. Always check what your c hild is assessing and who they are communicating to, even when they are older teenagers. Task G IssueRiskPossible consequences Being online 1Gambling sites flood the network.Addiction and crime to support their habit. 2 Exposure to violent material. They could imitate the violence seen. 35. 3Grooming/PaedophilesPhysical harm and psychological impact. Mobile phones RiskPossible consequences 1Bulling via textlow self-esteem, depression, self-harm, health if not eating well. 2Health It’s 5 times more likely of children developing cancer due to excessive useof mobile phone as children’s skulls are thinner so the radiation penetrates deeper. 3Pornography Exposure to sexually explicit material, become sexually active under age. AREAWAYS OF REDUCING RISK Social networking1. Safe security settings. 2. Only befriend/chat to people you know. Internet use1. Computer to be in an open area for all to see. 2. Parental controls 36. Buying online1. Make sure it’s a safe padlock ed site. 2. Buy from reputable companies; look for contact details and returns/delivery policies. Using a mobile phone1. Only talk and text to people you know. 2. Restrict the time children use mobile phones to reduce the amount of radiation penetrating.