Introduction and conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Introduction and conclusion - Essay Example out a group of people and imposing such restrictions to their fundamental rights is also tantamount to a violation of the equal protection clause guaranteed by the XIV Amendment.1 Is the act of performing voluntary work by the Ontario High School Students as a condition or requisite to graduate violative of their freedom and the equal protection clause? Is it not true that sometimes individual freedom may be curtailed or the exercise of the same be limited for the benefit of the larger group of people? Is it not also true that there is no violation of the equal protection clause when there is a â€Å"rational basis† behind the restriction or grouping? When one is compelled to do something against ones will or at peril of loss to oneself there is a violation of the freedom guaranteed by the US Constitution.2 To compel the Ontario High School students to do volunteer work at the cost of not graduating if one does not comply is violative of their individual freedom. There is no rational basis for the curtailment of such right. No greater good is brought to the bigger population. Lacking a rational basis and serving no legitimate state purpose this is a burden that also violative of the equal protection clause.3 This condition must be stricken off. There is no room for such unreasonable restrictions in the halls of learning where individualism and freedom is meant to take wings and fly; to soar and create bigger and greater things for humanity to appreciate and

Modern culture Essay Example for Free

Modern culture Essay As has lately been pointed out (Hesmondhalgh, 2002; Negus, 2002) this term has been used with some quite differing meanings or at least deviating from Bourdieus original intentions (Bourdieu, 1986). If they can be seen as active and cognizant agents of social and cultural change change in the supposed interests of themselves and the class fraction to which they go, as Bourdieu would have it then they have been recognized with cultural critics (Bourdieu, 1986; Hesmondhalgh, 2002); those promoting a new lifestyle (OConnor and Wynne, 1998); and those who choose which products go forward during the cultural production chain. It has also been used to portray those who make things happen, putting artists, money and audiences together in a means that creates new cultural possibilities. This might comprise Diaghilev, or Brian Epstein, or Charles Saatchi. At a more ordinary level it can be used to portray those who are able to translate between the language of policy makers and that of the cultural producers. As with the A+R men (music industry talent scouts: Artists and Repertoire) in Negus description these intermediaries work to bond one level of discourse to another to symbolize the interests of cultural producers within the framework of wider policy development, and speak this language back to those producers. By the time Tony Blairs New Labour came to power in 1997 in the U. K. the cultural industries had a well-built policy presence it was here that consultants and policy makers had interpreted academic literature and practical illustrations into coherent policy possibilities. The narrative context for this was boosted by New Labor’s legitimizing of the cultural industries and the term creative acceptable an argument about a benign combination of culture and economics to be placed at the level of personal potential and aspiration. Those in the sector could now distinguish themselves and others as creatives (Caves, 2000; Florida, 2002). At the same time the cultural industries also became a U. K. policy export, with consultants and now academics being asked by many European cities to advice on culture as a motor of economic development. Though, the interaction of these policy intermediaries with extremely different contexts destined that the work of definition had to be done over, and as such the narratives spelled out more evidently. Often this was not easy as the cultural (and by now creative) industry discourse was linked with Blairs Third Way, or with some Anglo-U. S. assault on a European cultural policy consent. Certainly it was quite clear that a shift in discourse would challenge recognized policy consensus. The terminology itself brought fresh problems; whereas the U. K. can use industry almost interchangeably with economic sector, elsewhere it evokes factory production (OConnor, 2000b). Cultural enterprise or cultural business frequently had to supplement the main term. In fact cultural industries became greatly an imported neologism, given in the English original and then explained (OConnor, 1999a). How the term and the arguments are used and reconfigured depends on the local context. But if it was usually seen as an argument concerning a new relationship between culture and economics, how this relationship was understood could be extremely different, as could too the outcomes envisioned and the groups who picked up the ideas. Policy makers used it to drive diverse agendas job creation, urban regeneration, the commercialization of subsidized culture, emerging new media industries, creating employment, retaining talent, etc. But cultural producers also reacted in different ways some seeing it as a new set of opportunities, others as the thin end of a precarious wedge. â€Å"The perceptions that the creative industries are open to talent, and are indeed dependent on diverse talent, have also been somewhat optimistic† . It must be clear then that in working to construct a new policy object, and in efforting to shift discourses around culture towards economics with the provision that economics too is moving towards culture, the cultural industries discourse rallies a narrative to strengthen its policy goals. These narratives become more obvious when the discourse enters a new framework it has to justify itself and make its arguments obvious not simply as technical policy tools but as concerned with the primary direction and meaning of modern culture.

American Secularism: Intent Analysis Essay -- Politics, The Separation

Dwight Eisenhower once wrote that, â€Å"Without God, there could be no American form of government† (Forbes, 2009: 1). Decades later, in a speech in Turkey, President Barack Obama claimed that America does not consider itself a Judeo-Christian nation. Modern arguments about the separation of church and state tend to seize upon such statements. But neither opinion can truly elucidate the true nature of American secularism (or lack thereof). Instead of criticizing Eisenhower for breaching that fabled wall of separation, or President Obama for conducting an arbitrary public opinion poll during a speech, focus must shift to the Founders. Specifically, the words of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, those men most widely documented on this issue, must be examined. From the synthesis of these men’s views, the documents they had a leading role in crafting, and historical perspective, a vision of American religious freedom is apparent. With the Constitution, the Framers inst ituted bold, practical boundaries for the interaction of organized religion and the federal government (Jefferson’s â€Å"wall†). But they did not envision the federally mandated â€Å"walls† that currently stand between the (local) public square and basic religious manifestations or practices. A narrower interpretation of the Establishment clause is closer to what was instituted by the Framers. This paper will argue that a wall of separation between church and (the federal) state was erected only insofar as the Constitution dictates it in the religion clauses. It will also posit that the present interpretation of that separation is a thoroughly modern construct built by modern society and actions of the federal government. This will focus around two main arguments: that federal... .... This divergence is the result of an effort to enlist the Framers in a defense of certain positions; positions based in legal frameworks never enacted by those men. If these arguments are accepted, a reevaluation of federal attitudes is in order. Rolling back a century of incorporation doctrine would be both impossible and foolish. But the executive can refrain from prosecuting states who institute laws that appear within the realm of state sovereignty in the area of secularism. Ultimately, of course, the decision will rest with the courts. If the arguments presented here (and similarly elsewhere) are accepted, an overhaul in judicial interpretation of the Establishment Clause should be undertaken by the judicial branch. Thus a legitimate debate over secularism can begin that does not inaccurately shroud modern constructs of secularism in the aura of the Framers.

Assignment 26 Safeguarding

15 ASSIGNMENT 26 UNDERSTAND HOW TO SAFEGUARD THE WELLBEING OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE TASK A BREIFING NOTES FOR NEW WORKERS HOW TO SAFEGUARD THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN Every child or young person has the undeniable right to grow and develop in a safe environment that safeguards them from abuse and maltreatment, to enable them to have the best available life chances to develop into young adults. There is no single piece of legislation for safeguarding children in the UK but lots of laws and guidelines which are changing all the time with new legislation.This is passed by Westminster, the Welsh Assembly Government, Northern Ireland Assembly and the Scottish Parliament this is Statutory Law. The way courts interpret laws is known as Case Law which can have an effect on changing Statutory Law. Child Protection legislation is in 2 categories Civil law and Criminal law. 16. Civil Law is in 2 areas Public Law which puts systems and processes to reduce the risk of children coming to harm a nd says what action should happen if they are at risk. Private Law sorts out family contact and divorce. Accompanying material: Promoting Wellbeing and ResilienceCriminal Law deals with people who have offended or are at risk of offending against children. The Children and young Persons Act 1933 is the oldest piece of legislation with only parts of it still in force today, it gives a list of offences against children known as Schedule One Offences. These include sexual assault, different forms of abuse and maltreatment ranging from murder to neglect. Anyone found guilty of one or more of these offences becomes a Schedule One Offender regardless of their age or sentence and this status will stay with them for life.They will be monitored by the local authorities who keep a record of where they live and who with, they need to go to the police station to sign a register on very regular bases to prove that they are and still living where logged Sex offenders Act 1997. Children Act 1989 is the bases of the current child protection system. It has a number of principles The Paramountcy Principl e that means a child’s welfare is paramount when making decisions about their upbringing, a court needs to know the child’s feelings and what they want and only make an order if it’s better for the hild than not making one, where possible retaining family links and the child’s home. Parental Responsibility was introduced which is â€Å"the rights, responsibilities and duties by law a parent of a child has regarding the child and their property†. It also states the local authority has a duty to investigate 17. and protect if they have reasonable cause to think a child is suffering or likely to suffer any sort of harm. Likewise has a duty to provide â€Å"services for children in need and their families†.England and Wales have a separate document working together to Safe guard Children 2006 which emphasises the responsibilities of Professionals towards children at risk and to work together with other agency’s/authorities. The Welsh Asse mbly Government 2006 working together under the Children Act 2004, The Children (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 and the Children (Scotland) Act 1995 all share the same principles but have their own guidance, as Children Act 1989.The death of Victoria Climbie by her carers, led to an inquiry into how she and others over the years died, the Lambing Report made by Lord Laming criticised the approach to protecting children in society thus led to EVERY CHILD MATTERS GREEN PAPER which in turn led to the Children Act 2004 as services for children were still not working together to protect and identify vulnerable children. This brought in children’s directors who have the responsibility for education, Local authority and children’s social services. Lead Councillors who have political responsibility for child welfare.A Common Assessment Framework to help notice welfare needs for agencies. 18. Local Safeguarding Children’s Boards who have statuary powers to make sure all se rvices (education, police, NHS Social Services youth justice system) work together promoting the wellbeing and make arrangements to safeguard and promote the welfare of children and investigate all child deaths in their area. Bichard Inquiry where a caretaker who was known to be a danger to children by one police authority, who’s vetting CRB check didn’t flag this up by another authority.This brought in the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 which made a centralized vetting and barring scheme for people working with children. Working with Northern Irelands safeguarding vulnerable groups (NI) order 2007 and Scotland’s protection of vulnerable groups (Scotland) Act 2007 makes a robust system for vetting staff and barring people who are unsuitable to work with children across the whole of the UK. The Children Act 2004 made it illegal to hit a child if it causes mental harm or a lasting mark on the skin.Sexual Offences Act 2003 updated the legislation relating to offences against children to include grooming, abuse of a position of trust, child trafficking; this also covers offences committed whilst abroad by a UK citizen. 19. Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 made it a criminal offence for Uk nationals or permanent UK residents to take or help take a girl abroad to carry out genital mutilation. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 says people who commit child sex offences abroad, even if it’s not illegal in the country they committed it will still face prosecution in the UK.Data Protection Act Organisations holding personal data to keep it secure, use it only when needed and accurate and kept up to date. Child protection with in a wider concept of safeguarding All agencies, services and authorities not only have a duty to safeguarding children from neglect or abuse but to have a Staying Safe Action Plan enabling every child to enjoy safe environment wherever they spend their time. It’s vital that carers/staff have a good understanding of the risks to children’s safety.By having an up to date Safety representative making risk assessments on the venue and activities under taken, keeping them safe from accidents and promoting their welfare in a safe and healthy environment. An action Plan to safeguard from bulling, crime and in some beliefs forced marriages need to be in place. This affects the day to day child care working place by; All employees’ to be CRB checked and a duty to inform the Safeguarding Authorities if any staff or volunteer poses a threat to the children. 20.Staff must sign a confidentiality agreement, stating not to discuss or post any details of the children by word or internet to anyone except staff or local authorities if needed. Health and Safety with risk assessment made on the venue and activities taking place there. Have all windows and doors locked/secure so the children can’t get out and strangers can’t get in. Visitors to the venue can onl y be allowed in, if they are known/expected to staff and/or identification is shown. Visitors need to be signed in the visitor’s book and signed out again when they leave the building.Have a policy for the protection of children and arrangements to liaise with local safeguarding authorities Log all comments or incidents you observe and deem to be potentially harmful to establish a file, and contacting Social Services or Child Protection if a case is proving likely. Staff to be Qualified and appropriate training kept up to date i. e. First Aid, Health and Safety, Food Hygiene and Child Protection. All outings to be risked assessed, children to wear high visible jackets, the correct ratio of staff to children and a list of all children with contact details of their carer and consent for them to go on the outing.To hold all parent contact details and medical needs of all children. 21. To have a senior adequately trained member of staff to undertake all of the above. Inquiries an d Serious Case Reviews processes are required when a child dies and neglect or abuse is suspected or known to be a factor of the death and they are called in by the Local Safeguarding Children’s Board (LSCB) they involve all local Authority Children’s Services, Police, Health, School or any other agency felt needed. All involved services make a management review of its practices to see if any changes need to be made.An independent overview report is done which looks at the management reports and they make recommendations, they are commissioned by the LSCB. Ofsted are notified by the Local Authorities of all cases that lead to a Serious Case Review whether it a death or suffered harm as a result of abuse/neglect or there are concern/media coverage raised about a professional practice. The process used by my work setting regarding data information, information handling and sharing is they hold information on children in order to support their development, progress and pr ovide pastoral care and to assess how we are doing as a whole.The information consists of contact details, attendance, ethnic groups, relevant medical needs and any special educational needs. Sometime we are required to pass on data to Local Authorities; they will make an assessment of any special educational needs. Dept. Education and skills use the data for research and statistical purposes to allocate funds and improve education policy and agencies such as Ofsted they use data about progress, performance of children to help inspectors to evaluate the Early Learning settings and part of Ofsted’s assessment of effectiveness of 22.Education initiatives and policy and Qualification and curriculum Authority use information about children to administer national assessments such as the Foundation Stage Profile. At 5yrs assessment are made on all children and passed onto Local Authority. We hold information including, contact details, progress reports, relevant medical information , attendance and accident/injury records and records of observation and assessment of children’s achievement and development. Attached is a copy of our confidentiality policy and procedure.TASK B 1. Safeguarding children is important because far too many children experience abuse and/or neglect by their parents/carers. This is very sadly rising from 25,700 in 2003 to 26,400 in 2006 in England alone. 2. A person-centred approach is important as Every Child Matters so they can be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and enjoy economic well-being, having a national framework to aid the joining of all the services, to plan and meet the needs of individuals rather than a group.All children have the right to have their voices heard regarding plans and events in their lives as stated by the United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child. 3. What is meant by a partnership working in the context of safeguarding children is people and agencies who ar e involved with the welfare of a child working with professionals such as Child minders, Health visitor’s, police, GP, Social Workers, School and local community. 23. 4. Organisation Role of organisationResponsibility Social Services Assessing children’s needs in the community.The wellbeing, protection and health . of the child NSPCC Identify and prevent child crueltyChild protection, ensuring an appropriate and speedy response Health VisitorAssess child development Health of the young child and work with . S/Services and Police and agencies GPHealth care to the communityGet the appropriate agencies involved and work alongside themProbation Support convicted people rehabilitate Supervise offender to reduce reoffending Protecting the public Police Criminal proceedings in Safeguardingto investigate any criminal offences. 24. School Educate young peopleMonitor the child and work with S/Service . and Child Protection Psychology Service CounsellingWork with the child and s upport them with issues regarding to the abuse Leisure groups i. e. (Scouts) Teach life skills/sportsWork with the Agencies involved and . o be trained in Child Protection. Child MinderTake care and look after young people To be trained in Child Protection so they can . Identify early abuse and work with other agencies Task C It is important to keep children protected in the work setting, as parent/carers intrust their children into your care to keep them from harm and they need to be confidant that their child is safe, failure to do so is a breach of professional values.There are policies that protect the child and adult who works with them. 25. Physical contact: Have clear policies on how to manage it. Young children need physical contact sometimes when they hurt themselves, fallen over etc. where a cuddle can help them to recover back to play, as well as medical help if needed. Too much can be easily mistaken and people have lost their jobs and reputations, you must always make sure you are clear at what is acceptable and have a clear open play area for all to see.With very young children and babies, intermit contact is used, such as nappy changing or wet clothes. Policies are there to safeguard you and the child, never do this with a door closed or out of sight of your colleagues. Photos: written consent from the parents for photos to be taken and used within the setting and their journals or publications/newsletters. Always get parents to sign to say they will only use photos/videos of the children i. e. concert and nativity for their own personal use and not to be put on the internet or social networking sites.CRB Checks: Are made on all staff to safeguard the children. Staff are in a position of trust by the parent/carer and the child. Children look up to and respect people in positions of trust, so think very carefully about your own behaviour and example you set. Listening to children can give you a lot of information and sometimes things of concern, if that is the case try not to agree to keep it a secret, tell them you will share it with your manager. Make sure you record all details and report it if you are concerned about their welfare. 26.Whistle blowing: If you have any idea of poor practice, whether it’s a colleague or manager you must report it and not ignore it. Approach another member of staff or managers tell them and put your concerns in writing with all the facts, make sure something is done. You have the right to be protected from the person you have raised concerns about (UK Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998) Outings: need to be risk assessed, outlining traffic danger, equipment, buildings and parks you’re visiting and the weather too and minimise or delete the hazard using control measures. I. e. walking in the street.Hazard: traffic and the child wondering off, so make sure you have the correct ratio of adults to children on an outing and to wear hi vis wear. The weather, a child getting wet or cold, so make sure you have the correct clothes. Steps can be difficult for young children so make sure they have adult help. Task D In the context of safeguarding children there are recognisable signs that can indicate abuse, neglect are taking place. Not all signs actually mean it is, for instance some African/Asian children can have dark blue like areas on their lower back and buttocks known as Mongolian Blue Spot.Darkened skin or birthmarks can be mistaken for bruising. One of the first signs is Emotional and behaviour rather than physical marks. Emotional Abuse is where love, acceptance and approval is not given and constantly been blamed or criticized. Signs of this can include low self-esteem, neurotic behaviour, hair twisting, continual rocking, self-harm, development delay or sudden change or problem with speech such as stammering, extreme 27. withdrawal or aggression. Emotional abuse is usually linked with neglect.Physical abuse is where a child is harmed or hurt by hittin g, beating with objects, kicked, shaken or thrown and can cause bruising, cuts, injury’s (broken bones) or even death. Signs of this can be wearing too much clothing trying to cover up, refusal to change for PE or take clothes off in the warm weather. Burns and injuries that are unexplained and reoccur, bald patch in their hair, frightened to be touched and shying or dodging back if approached and aggressive behaviour towards others and themselves. Look out for grasp marks on the body i. e.Arms, neck, chest, knees and shoulder’s, finger marks on their cheeks and outline of objects like belt buckle on their buttocks. Neglect is where a parent/carer doesn’t provide shelter, warmth, food that is nourishing, clothes and protection. Possible signs of this could include constantly hungry or stealing food the lack of normal body weight, poor personal hygiene and dress, untreated medical issues, poor or if any social relationships, constant tiredness and destructive ten dencies. Sexual abuse is when a child is persuaded or forced into taking part in sexual acts/situations.This ranges from being shown sexual images, being touch inappropriately, harassed by sexual comments and suggestions and forced to have sex. Signs of this can be sexual knowledge/behaviour far more ahead of their age, don’t like being touch or close to people or removing clothing for examination or PE at school, start to bed wet and soil day and night, withdrawn and not being able to concentrate, regressing to younger behaviour such as thumb sucking, become insecure, loss of appetite, trying to be over perfect, a sudden dislike to be left with someone (uncle, friend, babysitter etc. and drawing sexual images. 28. D2 Action Description 1. ListenListen carefully to what they say. 2. ReactionDon’t look shocked or ask leading questions. 3. CommunicateTalk at the child’s pace without pressure. 4. BelieveAccept what the child is saying. 5. AssuranceTell them they ar e right to tell someone. 6. Never PromiseNever promise to keep it a secret. 7. Never JudgeNever put the perpetrator down as they could still love them. 8. ReportReport it to your manager. 9. Log Write all the facts down. 10. AlertAlert the appropriate authorities.D3 Example of the rights children and their carer’s has in cases of harm/abuse. 1. The child has the right not to be subjected to repeated medical examination and questioning after an allegation of abuse be it physical or sexual in nature. 29. 2. Members of the family have the right to know what is being said about them and have an input to important discussions about theirs and the children’s lives. 3. Children have the right to have their views taken into account about their future and to be kept fully informed in processes involving them and dealt with sensitively.Task E Bulling: there are different types of bulling homophobic because of gender differences, racist due to different ethnic/religious backgroun d, disabilities where they might be in a wheelchair/callipers, special educational needs such as Autism etc. and electronic bulled via the internet/texting. This can be done physically by hitting, kicking, pinching and any violent threats. Verbally name calling, persistent teasing, spreading of rumours and insults/sarcasm. Emotional bulling is when someone is isolating by excluding and not talking to them, torment and humiliation.Cyber bulling is when information is used to cause upset and hurt to somebody by the use of the internet, mobile and technology. Any type of bulling can make a child or young person feel depressed, isolated, sad with a low self-esteem, shy, run away and even suicidal. Policies and Procedure Management have the duty to implement an Anti-Bulling Policy and ensure all staff is aware of it and how to deal with bullying. The manager ensures that all children begin to learn that bulling is wrong and unacceptable behaviour and monitor that it is being implemented. 30. The manager will ensure all staff is sufficiently trained to deal with incidents.Staffs take all forms of bulling very seriously and intervene to prevent incidents happening. A record of any incidents is kept on file and the manager notified. If staff witness an act of bulling they will do all they can to support the person or persons being bullied, if a child is bullied over a period of time after discussion with the manager, the parent will be informed. The pre-school will do all they can to help the child improve their behaviour and make them aware their actions are not acceptable. If the bulling persists the parent will be asked in to discuss this with the manager.Parents who might be concerned that their child is being bullied or suspect them being bullied, should contact the Pre-school manager immediately. Parents have a responsibility to support the Pre-school’s anti bullying policy and actively encourage their child to be a positive member of school life. Parents are also expected to help develop their child’s social skills, in support of the Pre-schools ethos. Story of Bulling A young teenage girl, who had buck teeth and a personal odour problem, enjoyed the internet and social network site as she didn’t have many friends and was a bit of a loner.Her family thought she was a computer whiz as she was very good at ICT so didn’t keep too much of an eye on her, as this was her only 31. Social thing she did. It was during the summer holidays she got a friends request from a boy at school, she accepted the request and started chatting. Over the next 6 weeks, he asked her to be his girlfriend as he had always fancied her, she accepted. They chatted for hours sharing some very intermit things and experiences, she was totally in love with him and he told her he loved her too. She was really looking forward to meeting up with him at school when they went back.On the first day of school they had arranged to meet by the water foun tain in the playground, when she got there she saw him standing waiting along with a large group of girls and boys laughing, calling her names and repeating some of the intermit things she had told him, she realised it was a horrible prank and she was devastated. Over the next few weeks she was so upset and got more and more depressed, not eating and totally shutting herself away and refusing to go to school some days saying she didn’t feel well, as the rumours spread and comments on the internet got worse.Her parents tried talking to her but she just said â€Å"she was fine† and they put it down to teenage and her period pains until one morning when they found her dead, she had taken an overdose and in her hand was a note to her parent saying â€Å"I’m sorry†. Looking back over this story the girl could still be alive if her computer access was monitored in an area open for the family to see. Her teeth could have been seen by an Orthodontic and she could have been taught about personal hygiene at home. School could have discussed this with her and if need be the parents as well.Encouraging her to join after school clubs could also have helped. The school should have noticed the signs of bullying and acted 32. upon it giving the girl support and reassurance whilst dealing with the bullies and explaining that their actions were unacceptable and how it affects people and how they would feel if it was done to them. School should have liaised with the family about their concerns. Task F 1. Giving young people/children praise and encouragement will help with their self-confidence.Teaching them to be more assertive while still respecting others needs and encouraging tolerance and cooperation between their peers and others will help boost children’s self-esteem. 2. It’s important to support resilience when working with children/young people because it helps them deal and cope with different situations, whether they are good o r bad as they get older and develop into young adults. 3. This can be achieved by the family giving the child love and stability, having a good and secure early attachment, a good sense of self identity. In the work place you could o this by helping them to act independently and to encourage them to try new and different things. 4. Children/young people need to develop strategies to protect themselves and make decision about being safe, as this teaches them what is acceptable behaviour and what isn’t. It’s very important they are comfy 33. with whom they are with, what they are doing and what is being done to them. You can support them with this by being approachable to talk too about their concerns and to be caring and reassuring as possible. Children need to learn how to behave in activities and the danger some behaviour has and the consequence it could cause.Road safety is also very important to teach children to keep safe. Educating children about the dangers that some adults pose and how to minimise them, including how to keep safe while they are using the internet/social network sites. Making them aware of the dangers of substance abuse and provide them with age related sex/relationship education including sexual health and safe sex advise and where they can also seek help if they cannot talk to you. 5. Ways of how to empower children/young people to make positive choices. 1 Teach young children about their bodies and how it works.As they get older explaining puberty and how their bodies are changing into young adults and to give them sex/relationship education including contraception/safe sex and sexually transmitted diseases and aware of other agencies that can help them if they need it. 2 Road safety you start when they are very young by holding their hands to cross the road telling them the Green cross code (copy of the code attached) teaching them to cross safely, then moving onto crossing with you without holding your hand, working to being able to cross on their own with supervision, until they can do it without adult supervision. 4. 3. The internet. When young children are using the internet they should have parental supervision and parental security put into place on the computer reducing the risk of assessing inappropriate sites. The computer should be in an open downstairs place where it can be seen (not hidden away in the child bedroom). Ensure you child isn’t using social network sites under age i. e. Facebook has a minimum age of 13yrs. and when they do use these sites, teach them to put their security settings on so only friends can view their age. Never to befriend someone they don’t know or give out personal details/photos even if they say they are the same age, as this could be a much older person grooming or trying to exploit them. These sites can also have the danger of cyber bulling, so give the child the effective advice of what to do if any of this happens. Always check what your c hild is assessing and who they are communicating to, even when they are older teenagers. Task G IssueRiskPossible consequences Being online 1Gambling sites flood the network.Addiction and crime to support their habit. 2 Exposure to violent material. They could imitate the violence seen. 35. 3Grooming/PaedophilesPhysical harm and psychological impact. Mobile phones RiskPossible consequences 1Bulling via textlow self-esteem, depression, self-harm, health if not eating well. 2Health It’s 5 times more likely of children developing cancer due to excessive useof mobile phone as children’s skulls are thinner so the radiation penetrates deeper. 3Pornography Exposure to sexually explicit material, become sexually active under age. AREAWAYS OF REDUCING RISK Social networking1. Safe security settings. 2. Only befriend/chat to people you know. Internet use1. Computer to be in an open area for all to see. 2. Parental controls 36. Buying online1. Make sure it’s a safe padlock ed site. 2. Buy from reputable companies; look for contact details and returns/delivery policies. Using a mobile phone1. Only talk and text to people you know. 2. Restrict the time children use mobile phones to reduce the amount of radiation penetrating.

Personal Financial Plan

Personal Financial Plan Part 5 Sheri Mulder Personal Finance Age 30 Establish good credit and avoid excessive debt Invest aggressively for retirement Buy a first home and build equity Make a will and health directives Age 30-45 Create an estate plan. Buy adequate life and disability insurance. Keep investing as much as possible. Save for children's college. Age 45-65 Leverage peak earning years to build financial security. Shift retirement savings as necessary. Review estate plans regularly as assets grow and to reflect changing life circumstances. Age 65 and beyondAppropriately rebalance assets to manage risk. Take action to minimize estate taxes and facilitate wealth transfer to descendants. Make sure health insurance is adequate. What was used to help establish the personal financial plan was a website that had an example of a financial plan considering life-stage changes. The example was helpful because it showed different ages of an individual's life and what should be done duri ng those stages. The example was helpful to use because the example is very similar to the situation and life style changes that are becoming an issue.The financial resources that would be used to help make financial decisions would be to get a loan from the bank for a mortgage. Taking out a bank loan would only be used if there was a large amount of money needed and there was not enough saved up to use. It is important to have a nest egg to fall back on in case of emergencies so an individual does not have to use financial resources to get him or her out an emergency situation. Short-Term Goals Finishing college Increasing savings account Purchasing a new vehicle Reducing high interest debt Buy life insurance Make plans for retirementIntermediate-Term Goals Paying off expensive debt Creating an emergency fund to cover 12 months of expenses Buying a new car Taking special vacation Long-Term Goals Own a home free of mortgage payments Own a vacation home in the mountains somewhere rem ote Accumulate enough funds to not have to work, but maybe something part time in case I get bored My personal risk tolerance is very conservative at this current moment of life. Although my time horizon has many years to invest, right now the asset level is not high enough to have very much left to invest. My risk olerance is also conservative because of lack of experience and knowledge of investing. In the future when there is a higher asset level, there could be a possibility of hiring a professional to help with an investment. My time horizon impacts my financial plan because of how many years that there is left before retirement. The number of years that an individual has before retirement is important to determine how to invest and save money. By the time of graduation, there should be close to forty years to take on risky investments. There will also be forty years to load a portfolio with bonds and cash. Cash Flow Statement Cash from gross wages |43220 | |Cash paid for: | | |Income taxes and deductions |-8164 | |Mortgage |-7617 | |Food |-9600 | |Car expenses |-7000 | |Clothing |-1800 | |Cell phone |-1560 | |Internet and cable TV |-1272 | Balance Sheet |Assets Liabilities | |Car $6,183|Student Loan $10,000 | |Savings $600 | | |Total $6,783|Total $10,000 | | |Net Worth ($3,217) | Personal Monthly Budget |Projected Monthly Income |$1,667. 28 | |Actual Monthly Income |$2,684. 00 | Housing |Housing |Projected Cost |Actual |Difference | |Mortgage |$934. 72 |$934. 2 |0 | |Phone |$130. 00 |$159. 00 |-29 | |Electric |$212. 00 |$212. 00 |0 | |Cable |$84. 00 |$84. 00 |0 | Start saving, keep saving, and stick to your goals Contribute to your employer’s retirement savings plan Learn about your employer's pension plan Don't touch your retirement savings Ask your employer to start a planPut money into an Individual Retirement Account Find out about your Social Security benefits Time value of money impacts this part of the plan because the long er money is saved, the more it will be worth when an individual retires. When you save or invest money, it will be worth more because it will gain interest by investing it. The earlier a person invests or saves money, the longer that the amount of money has time to gain interest and increase in value. Works Cited https://ww3. janus. com/Janus/Retail/StaticPage? jsp=jsp/Common/JanusReportHTML. jsp&assetname=JanusReportThroughYears ———————– | |

My Professional Philosophy Essay Example

My Professional Philosophy Essay Example My Professional Philosophy Essay My Professional Philosophy Essay My Professional Philosophy Motivation is the driving force behind every task that we embark on and my inspiration to pursue this discipline has been propelled by its physiological and emotional benefits to me and the people that I cater to. The ability to help people live better lives in itself is a massive drive, as this knowledge will have a positive impact on my own life as well. Kinesiology results in more energy, greater understanding of oneself, more choices, acceptance, understanding, solution orientation, functioning ability and most importantly improved quality of life. What motivates me is seeing clients achieve physical outcomes that they thought were unattainable and to educate and inspire people in order for them to thrive and not just survive. It is about longevity and vitality. The outcomes of my emphasis as a career are diverse. This scientific knowledge of muscle function and the nervous system could lead in careers in fitness facilities, personal training or corporate wellness facilities and industry. You can work with individuals in their homes, fitness facilities, rehabilitation clinics, at the worksite and alongside physiotherapists. Trainers would be the first to agree that the relationship and rapport built with a trainee is of core importance. I have to develop the social support system necessary for the client to feel secure with the treatment and service provided and by treating all with dignity and respect, providing emotional support, and considering each individual’s perspective. These are just a few of the strategies to increase satisfaction. By simply enhancing my own listening and communication skills, the trainee automatically perceives their trainer as willing to listen to them and interested in their concerns and may demonstrate a higher level of satisfaction, which can only improve the working relationship and end result. Among other things, acquiring greater knowledge of exercise physiology, anatomy, exercise instruction through experience foremost is one of my goals. I want to have a strong ability to instruct by example and an in depth ability to instruct and demonstrate a remarkable knowledge of fitness assessment procedures and maintain an effective working relationship with other employees and the public. Through hard work, knowledge and determination, I will increase my client base undoubtedly. Moral values have to come hand-in-hand with professionalism. Some of the values that I have developed over time include ambition, competency, equality, integrity, service, responsibility, accuracy, respect, dedication, diversity, improvement, loyalty, credibility, honesty, innovativeness, teamwork and excellence. Others are accountability, empowerment, quality, efficiency, dignity, collaboration, empathy, accomplishment, courage, wisdom, independence, security, challenge, influence, learning, compassion, friendliness, discipline, generosity, persistency, optimism, dependability and flexibility. You have to demonstrate and model your values in action, in personal and work behaviors, decision-making, contribution, and interpersonal interaction. This same values help in making decisions about priorities in your daily work and life. Ethics on the other hand are what truly define us because they are not portrayed to the outside world as compared to values. My religious beliefs in creation and the creator, upholding the law at all times and keeping up with the standards of behavior acceptable in society guide me through my life. In addition, respecting rights of people such as the right to life and the right to privacy is another code of ethics that I follow. Such standards are adequate standards of ethics because they are supported by consistent and well-founded reasons.

Tom Sawyer Essays - Picaresque Novels, English-language Films

Tom Sawyer Essays - Picaresque Novels, English-language Films Tom Sawyer Tom Sawyer is a boy who is full of adventures. In his world there is an adventure around every corner. Some of his adventures have lead him into some bad situations but with his good heart and bright mind he has gotten out of them. Tom lives with his aunt Polly, his cousin Mary and his bother Sid. One of the first things to happen in the book is a memorable one, the painting of the fence. Tom's aunt Polly made Tom paint her fence on a Saturday as a punishment. Tom just hated the idea of having to work on a Saturday while all of the neighborhood could make fun of and harass him. After Tom tried to trade some of his possessions for a few hours of freedom he had a stroke of genius, instead of him paying people to work for him, he made people pay him to paint. Tom managed this by telling people that it isn't every day that you get a chance to paint a fence and he thought it was fun. He had people begging him to paint by the time that he was finished his story. He would have taken every boy in the town's wealth if he had not run out of paint. On June 17th about the hour of midnight, Tom and his best friend Huck were out in the grave yard trying to get rid of warts, when they witnessed a murder by Injun Joe. At the time Muff Potter was drunk and asleep so Injun Joe blamed the murder him (Muff Potter). They knew if crazy Injun Joe found out they knew, he would for sure kill them. Tom wrote on a wooden board "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer swear to keep mum about this and they wish they may drop down dead in their tracks if they ever tell and rot", then in their own blood they signed their initials TS and HF. A few days after that incident Tom, Huck and Joe decided to go and become pirates because no one cared for their company anymore. They stole some food and supplies and then they stole a raft and paddled to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River. They stayed and pirated for several days, then they all became so home sick that they could not bear it anymore. The next day Tom, Huck, and Joe showed up for their own funerals and there was much thanks and praise. The next big event in the town was the trial of Muff Potter for the murder in the graveyard. The whole town believed Injun Joe, and poor Muff was sent to a temporary jail cell for a week. At the end of the week he was to be hung unless some one in court had proved him innocent. While Muff was in jail temporarily he was not alone. Every day Tom and Huck would go and talk to him through the jail cell bars and on occasion bring him food. On the last day of court, to everyone's surprise they called Tom Sawyer to the stand. Then the man asked him where he was on the 17th of June he said "In the graveyard". Then when he asked who he saw do it he said with all his courage he said "Muff didn't do it. It was Injun Joe!" and with that Injun Joe jumped out the window and ran away. Tom and Huck decided that they wanted to become rich so they went to go and find buried treasure. Tom and Huck dug under trees all day and night but found nothing, then Tom said that they should go and dig for treasure in a haunted house. They went back two days later and went to a haunted house. Both the boys were scared but they both went inside anyway. The boys dared each other to go upstairs, so of course they went up and looked in closets for treasure but found nothing. Suddenly the boys heard two men talking and then come inside. Both of the boys got down on the floor and then they heard the voice again, it was Injun Joe. Injun Joe and the other

The Possessive Apostrophe

The Possessive Apostrophe The Possessive Apostrophe The Possessive Apostrophe By Daniel Scocco Its time to talk about being possessive. Sometimes possessiveness is good, sometimes its bad. However you look at it, if youre speaking English, then you will need an apostrophe to show who owns what. The apostrophe () is one of the most used and misused English punctuation marks. No one is ever quite sure where to put it. You can use it when things are left out (contractions), but its the possessiveness that causes the most trouble. The apostrophe is all about making a statement of ownership. You belong to me. This belongs to that. In grammar speak, the apostrophe shows the possessive of nouns. There are four ways to use the apostrophe to show ownership or belonging. 1. Add apostrophe s to the end of a singular noun that does not end in s: the managers room 2. Add apostrophe s to the end of a singular noun, even if it ends in s (this practice may vary in some places): Doriss scarf 3. Add apostrophe s to the end of a plural noun that doesnt end in s the childrens bag 4. If the plural noun ends in s, just add the apostrophe my friends car Notice that possessive pronouns like yours, his, hers, ours, its and theirs are not followed by the apostrophe. Finally, if you want to play around with it, Wikipedia has a list of four phrases illustrating how the apostrophe can literally change the meaning of sentences. my sisters friends investments (I have one sister and she has one friend.) my sisters friends investments (I have many sisters and they have many friends.) my sisters friends investments (I have many sisters and they have one friend.) my sisters friends investments (I have one sister and she has many friends.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Contronyms (Words with Contradictory Meanings)Peace of Mind and A Piece of One's Mind20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Wassily Kandinsky and Surrealism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wassily Kandinsky and Surrealism - Assignment Example The paper "Wassily Kandinsky and Surrealism" explores the art of Wassily Kandinsky. Despite his interest in art, he pursued law and economics as suggested by his parents. As a well-educated man, he chose to pursue Art and experiment with his obsession for colors. This paper will discuss how Kandinsky developed a unique style and explored abstract art as well as highlight some of the artists that he influenced. Worth noting is the fact that the painting was a spiritual thing for Kandinsky and he intended to use it to convey different levels of human emotions. He sought to use abstract forms and colors to explore different cultures and physical boundaries. In his view, abstract art was of critical importance in the expression of inner necessity. Kandinsky associated musical sounds with the potential to evoke different emotions in listeners. Therefore, he wanted to develop an art that could trigger similar emotions to his audience. He wanted to develop object-free art that had a spiritu al connection and a direct allusion to different emotions. Worth noting is the fact that his ability to create object free paintings with a strong allusion to different human emotions defined his unique style. Kandinsky had his first experience of object-free art in an exhibition that he attended and developed a close in this form of art. Kandinsky worked closely with other artists, who influenced him in different ways. For example, one of his close friends was Paul Klee with whom he shared artistic ideas.

How the country Music of that Era Helped Research Paper

How the country Music of that Era Helped - Research Paper Example After Great Depression and Sand Storm, Americans not only suffered financial break down but also emotional turmoil .Country music came out as a solace. Country music of this era has a profound impact on American’s subconscious. This music provided individuality to the nation. Americans identify themselves with Country singing. American country ballads were subjective and secular in nature. The music of that time is also known as Old time music and Mountain music. The year 1920 saw the first generation of Southern performers called hillybilly in Commercial music. The music of that era was recorded and sold but with the onset of Great Depression, people could not afford buying records but were able to enjoy free music on radio. Radio stations in 1920s were hungry for the live performances of the country singers and since then the popularity of this genre grew. The popularity of radio shows led to the creation of Barn dances. Various forms of country songs became popular like Roc k and Roll, Dansband, Southern Rock and Heartland Rock. The cousins Owen Gentry and Cook formed Alabama, the popular Rock Band, in 1969. They were known by the name Young Country. They first played at High school talent contest, won the first prize, and gradually decided to make music their full time career. They renamed it Wild Country and later called it Alabama. Alabama gave a new facet to the country music. They are not only famous for their soulful southern ballads that Writer 2 stirred emotions in women of all ages but also catered to the enthusiasm and the spirit of the youth of that era. As Galante remarks, â€Å"They really have a way of saying something different.†

Third Cinema (address one of the following questions) Essay

Third Cinema (address one of the following questions) - Essay Example Cinema has been divided into three categories, first, second and third cinema. Theses terms had their birth at the Bandung Conference of 1955, the first conference of the Non-Aligned Movement. China propagated the theory of the three distinct worlds. The first world i.e. the advanced capitalist countries included Western Europe, North America and Australasia; the second world i.e. the previous socialist countries of Eastern Europe and Soviet Union. The remaining countries were thus the third world, to which China stated its commitment. (1) First Cinema refers the model identified as the Hollywood movie. Also known as commercial or popular cinema, it corresponds to an ideology which the particular relationship between film and spectator is superfluous, where cinema is conceived as pure entertainment. Aim of this cinema is to maximize profits. This kind of film is made for display in large theatres, with a standardized duration either feature-length or blockbuster. All types of films come under this category even scientific documentary is susceptible to the aspirations of big money. Second Cinema is also known as art or parallel cinema. Parallel cinema has its own structures, patterns of distribution and exhibition, and its own ideologies. Art has become a cinema made by and for the limited social groups. It expresses the aspirations of the middle layers, the petty bourgeoisie and consequently is often revolutionary but pessimist and sometimes mystical. Like first cinema all categories of films may be found in this category. There is a deliberate uncertainty in the term ‘Third Cinema’ which requires clarification. The term ‘Third Cinema’ is derived from the correspondence with the term ‘third world’, referring to the underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the dependent countries, third cinema is a cinema of de-colonization, which expresses the will to national liberation,

Character & Theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Essay

Character & Theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein - Essay Example So, the intriguing plot development begins in the Arctic Circle as the symbol of mystery and unpredictability. The time when the novel was written was that of rapid scientific explorations. As well as many other young men, Victor Frankenstein was fond of natural scientific researches and decided to devote himself to the science. But he did not just scientific experiments, but he decided to transform living substance from the dead one! Victor Frankenstein's explorations were based on medieval alchemists' researches which tried to prove that resuscitation is possible and a human being can be immortal. Alchemists provided such experiments but nevertheless their dream wasn't realized. But the people's dream of resuscitation and transformation of lifeless substance was and is still survived, and this aspiration is eloquently reflected in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In the spirit of Enlightenment, Victor Frankenstein tried to explore the human nature. He was sure that scientific reason can surpass God, and he made his supernatural experiments intending to bring scientific benefit to the mankind. The spirit of Enlightenment appealed liberty, including human liberty from God, and Frankenstein wanted to realise this idea, but he transformed this idea into the idea of artificial intelligence. It was a popular philosophical idea, and it still survives today, in our century of genetic engineering. But that time Victor Frankenstein used less effective scientific methods than we do today: he used electricity. Experiments with electricity were very popular in the 18th and the 19th century, and many scientists tried to apply it in many realms, including medicine. The experiments with electricity were widely used in medicine as the demonstration showing that frog leg can jolt under the influence of electricity - Victor Frankenstein decided to use this technology for resuscitation. He imagined himself as a great scientist who is able to surpass God and create new life using scientific methods: "So much has been done, exclaimed the soul of Frankenstein--more, far more, will I achieve; t reading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation" (Chapter 3). In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein the old idea of aspiration of man superiority over nature is clearly visible. Alchemists and different scientific experimenters always aspired to surpass nature and place a man over nature, and they didn't reflect possible consequences. Victor Frankenstein realised the danger, nevertheless he went on. But later he found that his creature is not as ideal as he had planned. The monster was ugly, and nobody could see it without fear, and even his creator couldn't look at him without fear: "I had gazed on him while unfinished; he was ugly then, but when those muscles and joints were rendered capable of motion, it became a thing such as even Dante could not have conceived" (Chapter 5). What was Victor's purpose to create his monster It was an ambition of a man who tried to use his experiments to demonstrate the power of science and the power of humans over nature. Victor internalized his monster, and then

Organizational Design Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Design Analysis - Essay Example From over 100 manufacturers for customers to choose from, Rock Auto is able to ship thousands of auto parts to every continent in the world, with the exception of APO/FPO addresses and Antarctica. Rock Auto is able to position themselves high above their competitors, by offering auto parts and applications for car models from the 1940’s to the newest models of cars. They also built their database using data obtained directly from the manufacturers, giving flexibility and variety to all customers. I had the opportunity to interview four employees: Senior level; Jim Taylor (President), Sandra Taylor (VP Customer Service) Midlevel; Serena Johnson (HR Manager), Lower level; Nicole Evans (CSR). As with any other business, they are in business to bring in a profit and fulfill the needs of customers searching for auto parts.   They are able to bring in high profits, due to the fact, they hold no inventory, and all merchandise is sent directly to the customer from one of their contr acted distributors. Rock Autos organizational philosophy stems from providing exceptional customer service, where responsiveness to the customer is a top priority. Their strategy has a long-term focus to earn customers trust and respecting customer’s time, maintaining a strict and high standard of excellence and no nonsense policy for all employees to adhere too. Rock Auto is a small organization with less than 100 employees. There are currently 97 employees total. Thirty-five are full-time, including senior management and 62 are part-time employees all mid to lower level. The CSR’s, manufacturers and its technology are the most important components to the company and its environment. The number of important components is large in relation to the company in its entirety. In regards to the technology and manufacturers, they can change very slowly as we have been working with some of the same manufacturers since our opening in 1999. Serena Johnson stated that their techn ology has not changed much as they use the internet, email and soft pads for all correspondence between their customers, shippers, distributors and manufacturers, we may upgrade to a higher level of internet speed, to ensure accuracy and efficiency. The company’s dominant technology is the computer systems and the internet. Jim Taylor stated, â€Å"We use email and e-commerce to transform our inputs, which would allow the customer to place an order, via email, our website or call one of our CRS’s. Once the order is placed, the CSR confirms the parts are available and our distributors ship the orders (outputs) to the customers.† All of the four agreed that they would characterize Rock Autos’ environment as certain. As all the information, from the results and alternatives in regards to decision making, is always made available to all employees. Two of the three interviewed stated that the company is flexible to respond to environmental changes and have bee n doing a great job. The other two seem to feel that the company is too rigid, in relation to its application of rules and procedures with the CSRs. The CRS are supposed to have ability for daily decision making related to their jobs, such as choice of schedule, vacation time, and sick leave and in relation to decisions concerning customers, such as credits, refunds and returns. Even though, Rock Auto provides a â€Å"trust system† in regards to employee time sheets, prior to receiving a paycheck, HR, will go over each time

Character & Theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Essay

Character & Theme in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein - Essay Example So, the intriguing plot development begins in the Arctic Circle as the symbol of mystery and unpredictability. The time when the novel was written was that of rapid scientific explorations. As well as many other young men, Victor Frankenstein was fond of natural scientific researches and decided to devote himself to the science. But he did not just scientific experiments, but he decided to transform living substance from the dead one! Victor Frankenstein's explorations were based on medieval alchemists' researches which tried to prove that resuscitation is possible and a human being can be immortal. Alchemists provided such experiments but nevertheless their dream wasn't realized. But the people's dream of resuscitation and transformation of lifeless substance was and is still survived, and this aspiration is eloquently reflected in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. In the spirit of Enlightenment, Victor Frankenstein tried to explore the human nature. He was sure that scientific reason can surpass God, and he made his supernatural experiments intending to bring scientific benefit to the mankind. The spirit of Enlightenment appealed liberty, including human liberty from God, and Frankenstein wanted to realise this idea, but he transformed this idea into the idea of artificial intelligence. It was a popular philosophical idea, and it still survives today, in our century of genetic engineering. But that time Victor Frankenstein used less effective scientific methods than we do today: he used electricity. Experiments with electricity were very popular in the 18th and the 19th century, and many scientists tried to apply it in many realms, including medicine. The experiments with electricity were widely used in medicine as the demonstration showing that frog leg can jolt under the influence of electricity - Victor Frankenstein decided to use this technology for resuscitation. He imagined himself as a great scientist who is able to surpass God and create new life using scientific methods: "So much has been done, exclaimed the soul of Frankenstein--more, far more, will I achieve; t reading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation" (Chapter 3). In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein the old idea of aspiration of man superiority over nature is clearly visible. Alchemists and different scientific experimenters always aspired to surpass nature and place a man over nature, and they didn't reflect possible consequences. Victor Frankenstein realised the danger, nevertheless he went on. But later he found that his creature is not as ideal as he had planned. The monster was ugly, and nobody could see it without fear, and even his creator couldn't look at him without fear: "I had gazed on him while unfinished; he was ugly then, but when those muscles and joints were rendered capable of motion, it became a thing such as even Dante could not have conceived" (Chapter 5). What was Victor's purpose to create his monster It was an ambition of a man who tried to use his experiments to demonstrate the power of science and the power of humans over nature. Victor internalized his monster, and then

FinalTake-Home Exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

FinalTake-Home Exam - Essay Example This urban phenomenon is actually the effect of the larger American policies of relating the nation’s economic structure with the global economy. In the decades following the 1970s, huge corporate owners and multimillionaires have encouraged the fall of â€Å"Fordist-Keynesian model of accumulation† and have witnessed the growth of â€Å"neoliberal-globalization† model (Arena, 2012, p.xx). In order to cope with increasing globalization, the ultra rich class has used the tactics of stripping the urban areas of poverty and low-income classes. The idea was to shift the base of production to low wage areas in the south of the U.S. In these areas, business activities are not dictated by labor unions and also there are close ties between state and local governments. Thus, the brunt of gentrification has been endured by the worker class since wages have declined sharply. On the other hand, the benefits fell on the affluent population of American cities. Gentrification h as essentially hindered the growth of production center as the focus was on expanding the service sector. During the second half of the twentieth century, the industrial areas of American cities were transformed into centers of urban amenities like hotels, restaurants, malls and so on. Thus, wealth began to get accumulated in the hands of the ultra rich making them even richer at the expense of poorer urban community. The author has explored the political struggles in New Orleans that occurred as a result of privatization of public housing. From 1960s onwards the U.S. federal government played a vital role for providing housing provisions at affordable rents, and for this the government promoted strategies that encourage financial sponsorship of the private owners of rental housing sectors. Contrary to the properties that are publicly owned, houses that are constructed solely for the purpose of providing housing at affordable rents were construction by support from federal programs like Low Income Housing Tax Credit launched in 1986, and home funds from National Affordable Housing Act of 1990 (Arena, 2012, p.4). Such subsidization of private housing has been supported by the political opponents since it was an appropriate process for delivery low rent housing provisions. It has been claimed that historically U.S. government has failed to provide quality public services at low price because of inefficient bureaucracies. Failure of the government encouraged private sectors to enter public service sector in order to provide quality services at affordable prices. This also enhanced the financial interest of the private sectors. The two housing projects, St. Thomas and Iberville were identified as lucrative areas by political and economic elites, especially the areas inhabited by the African American community. The area surrounding St. Thomas which was predominated by the Blacks was particularly regarded as a hindrance to tourism. The idea was to evict this communi ty in order to transform the cities’ factories, warehouses and low income housing to promote tourism. Struggle ensued when the responsibility of removing the Blacks fell on the black political elite. In the year 1986, two black candidates participated in the mayoral race. William Jefferson who was an Angle- African American became the mayor that year. The losing candidate, Sidney Barthelemy befriended the low

A Beautiful Mind - Summary of the Movie Essay Example for Free

A Beautiful Mind Summary of the Movie Essay A Beautiful Mind (Total Points for assignment = 40) For this assignment, you will watch the movie A Beautiful Mind. Your textbook has a brief summary of the movie and compares the movie to what is known about John Nash’s life. I have also provided you with supplemental information on Schizophrenia in the powerpoint that is attached to this assignment. Using this checklist, provide evidence of the criteria with examples of Nash’s behavior. For example, under Dysfunction, give me examples of things that Nash did that are indications of his dysfunction. He was unable to continue teaching, etc. Using this same document, you can add the text under each symptom. Please italicize your text in order to make it easier for me to grade. Finally, at the end of the document, I want you to determine (using the powerpoint information) whether you think Nash’s Schizophrenia could be categorized as Paranoid Type, Disorganized Type, Catatonic Type, or Undifferentiated Type, or Residual Type. Explain how you made that choice. The DSM-IV criteria for Schizophrenia are as follows: †¢ Symptoms. Two or more of the following symptoms that have lasted for a substantial part of at least one month (or less, is effectively treated with medication) For at least six continuous months, the patient has shown some evidence of the disorder. At least one much must include the symptoms of frank psychosis mentioned above. Mood disorders with psychotic features and Schizoaffective Disorder have been ruled out, because the duration of any depressive or manic episodes that have occurred during the psychotic phase has been brief. †¢ Other Exclusions. This disorder is not directly caused by a general medical condition or the use of substances, including prescription medications. †¢ Developmental Disorder Exclusion. If the patient has a history of any pervasive developmental disorder (such as Autistic Disorder), Schizophrenia is diagnosed only if prominent hallucination or delusions are also present for a month or more (less, if treated). Hallucations are present for more than a month as is evident that John has a roommate and a boss. John is a paranoid schizophrenia. He is preoccupied with his delusions and hallucinations as he avoids everyone and becomes wrapped up his math work and his â€Å"work† with the government. While he does show a flat effect and disorganized behavior none are prominent. He is so wrapped up his what he thinks is real he neglects his work, family, social life and anything that is actually real and not part of his delusions.

Automatic Water Level Controller (AWLC)

Automatic Water Level Controller (AWLC) Automatic Water Level Controller (AWLC) will automatically START the pump set as soon as the water level falls below the predetermined level (usually kept half or 2/3rd tank) and shall SWITCH OFF the pump set as soon as tank is full or water level in the lower tank is at below minimum level. AWLC provides you the flexibility to decide for yourself the water levels for operations of pump set in upper/lower tanks. Built in Indications for showing Full, Empty Levels in Upper Tank and Lower Tank Empty Indication. MANUAL operation switch for special operations like watering the plants from pump set. The AWLC ensure no overflows or dry running of pump there by saves electricity and water. Low AC Voltage sensing circuit to avoid polarization of electrodes in water (requires very rare cleaning of electrode ends). Provided with special stainless steel conductive electrodes. Consume very little energy, ideal for continuous operation. Water Level Sensor This water level sensor is conducive for liquids that have a conductivity of equal to or more than 25m Siemens. It is your best choice for a water level switch. The system is economical to install as no special cable is required for signal transmission. The level probe and the evaluation unit can be connected using a long cable. The AC is provided on the probe for preventing electrode deterioration. You can choose from among a variety of level control and installation systems such as Two point sensors for independent switching and automatic control of pump. Four point switching with two pump control logic. Three point switching: two for pump control logic and one independent point with or without a settable delay (for probe covered or uncovered). A variety of probes is available for your specific process. Applications The SLW series water level switches work to maintain a constant water level avoiding material wastage in your process plant. Common applications also include switching pumps on and off to avoid overflow, dry running and indicating water level in an empty tank to avoid wear and tear and production stoppage. Many of our customers in the Food, Power, Chemicals, Sugar, Detergent, Steel, Minerals and Textile industry have used the SLW series water level indicator /sensor. Principle A low AC voltage is applied between the probe electrode and the tank wall (or reference electrode in case of insulated tank). When the water/liquid comes in contact with the electrode tip, a conductive path is established between the sense electrode and the tank wall/reference electrode. This current is sensed, amplified and made to operate a relay whose contacts in turn can be used for annunciation/control. Technical Data Evaluation Unit Housing : aluminium, Weather-proof enamel painted suitable for back panel/wall mounting. Cable Entries : 3 Nos. of  ½ BSP Mains : 110 or 230 Volts AC (-15 to + 10%) 50 Hz. Relay Output : 50Hz for non-inductive load. Power Consumption : 5 VA . Fail-Safe Mode : High or Low field selectable. Response Time : 0.5 secs Switching Delay : 0.5 to 20 seconds Maximum Sensitivity : 25m Siemens Operating mode : (A) Single point switching. Indication : Red LED for Alarm, Green LED for Normal. Operating Temp. : -20 º C to + 60 º C. Weight : ~2 Kg.

Pluralism :: Federalist Papers pluralistic theory

American Pluralism In Federalist No. 10, James Madison stresses that â€Å"measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority.† Madison philosophized that a large republic, composed of numerous factions capable of competing with each other and the majority must exist in order to avoid tyranny of majority rule.# When Federalist No. 10 was published, the concept of pluralism was not widely used. However, the political theory that is the foundation for United States government was the influential force behind pluralism and its doctrines. Pluralism comes from the political system that focuses on shared power among interest groups and competing factions.# A pluralistic society contains groups that have varying interests and backgrounds, including those of ethnic, religious, and political nature.# Differences like these are to be encouraged, with overall political and economic power being maintained. When a number of people, all sharing a common interest are threatened, a group is involuntarily formed in order to defend against competing interests. These pluralistic interest groups are free to operate and lobby in the political arena, fighting against the majority and other competing factions for voice in Congress. With the influence of multiple factions operating throughout the political system, a balance of power is created (Kernell 2000, 429). This is much like the international theory of sovereign states balancing each other’s power to create a political system that focuses on stability, yet is always in a constant flux of power. With this in mind, special interest groups are constantly contending for power by raising money, campaigning, and lobbying in Congress. When a special interest group is threatened by a competing policy, the group will organize efforts to balance, or transcend the power of the competing group. The pluralistic scholar David Truman notes that â€Å"the proliferation of political interest groups [is] a natural and largely benign consequence of economic development† (Kernell 2000, 429). That is, as American economic development increases, in the form of industry, trade, and technology, factions are produced in order to protect special interests. Factions have a large platform on which to find support from various political parties, committees, subcommittees, and the courts, as well as federal, state, and local governments (Kernell 2000, 429).

Indira Gandhi Essay

The period in history usually considered to have begun with the first use of the atomic bomb (1945). It is characterized by nuclear energy as a military, industrial, and sociopolitical factor.Also called atomic age. The Nuclear Age Began When The US Detonated The First Atomic Bomb On June 16, 1945, America detonated the first atomic bomb, starting the atomic age and the biggest arms race in the world. Although the first attempts to make atomic bomb initiated in Nazi Germany they weren’t successful until the US president Franklin D. Roosevelt in cooperation with the British government authorized the â€Å"Manhattan Project† in order to research about production of atomic bomb. A group of top scientists of the time worked for the project with the distinguished physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer being the head of the group. They succeeded to make the first atomic bomb in the US which was detonated in what is now called Trinity in New Mexico. Perhaps at first it was believed that the US would not use that lethal weapon against the mankind but soon people of two big cities in Japan fell victim to America’s atomic bombs. On August 6, 1945, a bomber in US Air Force 509th Bomb Squadron called Enola Gay- which is now kept in a museum in Washington- left a US base in the south of Pacific Ocean and detonated an atomic bomb named â€Å"Little Boy† over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The direct and the indirect death toll caused by this bombardment are estimated to exceed 140,000. This however was not the end as three days after Hiroshima bombing, another atomic bomb, called the â€Å"Fat Man† killed 73,000 and injured 74,000 people in Nagasaki, Japan, not including those who later were found to be the victims of the bombing. Of course there was another bomb made in the Manhattan Project which was never used. Oppenheimer regretted his participation in the Manhattan project after a while and began to speak against nuclear arms, and thus was removed from the project. His regret was of no use though. The Soviet Union detonated its first atomic bomb on August 29, 1949, with the help of Oppenheime r’s friend, Klaus Fuchs. To keep its superiority in the arms race, the US began the research for making hydrogen bombs and could successfully detonate it in November, 1952. No country has so far used nuclear arms for military purposes except for the US. There is however concerns over some countries possessing nuclear arms, especially as some of them have refused to sign the Non-Proliferation of  Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT). â€Å"[Until September 9, 2009] there are over 20,000 nuclear weapons around the world. Many of them are still on hair-trigger alert, threatening our own survival,† said Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, in the Annual DPI/NGO Conference. 18,500 of these bombs were made by the US and Russia. All five permanent members of the UN Security Council –America, France, Russia, China, and Britain- have atomic bombs and have been recognized as nuclear powers in the NPT. The NPT recognizes the countries that owned or detonated nuclear bombs or arms before January 1, 1967 on the condition that they would gradually be disarmed and destroy all their atomic bombs. The museum sketches the history of the nuclear age, which started with the first atomic bomb test in the New Mexico desert in 1945. For a hundred years of war, culminating in the nuclear age, military technology was designed and deployed to inflict casualties on an ever-growing scale.

Employment Law Compliance Essay

Our client, Bradley Stonefield, is planning to open a limousine service, Landslide Limousines, in the Austin, Texas area. Mr. Stonefield plans to hire approximately twenty-five people to provide first class transportation to a variety of clientele. Before Mr. Stonefield begins hiring it is imperative that he has an understanding of applicable employment laws. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) is a well-known and widely used federal anti-discrimination law (LaMance, n. d. ). Title VII make it illegal for employers to discriminate against someone based on their race, religion, national origin or sex (U. S. EEOC, 2014). The Act also made it illegal for employers to retaliate against a person who files a complaint of discrimination or participates in a discrimination investigation (U. S. EEOC, 2014). An employer who violates Title VII may find themselves subjected to a number of legal consequences such as having to pay large sums for damages and being required to readjust the company’s policies (LaMance, n. d. ). To avoid violating Title VII Mr. Stonefield and his managers should treat all employees and applicants equally without regard to any characteristics except job performance (HR Specialist, 2013). The Texas Payday Law covers all business entities in the state of Texas, regardless of size except public employers such as the state or federal government (TWC, 2013). This law gives the Texas Workforce Commission (TWC) the authority to enforce wage laws and investigate wage claims (TWC, 2013). Texas Payday Law covers compensation for services rendered, commissions and bonuses, and certain other fringe benefits according to a written agreement with or policy of the employer (TWC, 2013). The law states that employers must pay employees for all hours worked and these wages must be received by the employee no later than payday (TWC, 2013). If the employer lays off, discharges or fires an employee they must pay all wages owed to that employee within six calendar days of the date of separation (TWC, 2013). If an employee voluntarily quits or retires their final payment of wages is due to them on the payday following the date of separation (TWC, 2013). If an employer violates the Texas Payday Law they may be fined the lesser of the wages claimed or $1,000 (TWC, 2013). To avoid violating this law Mr. Stonefield should make sure that employees are paid for all hours worked and that all wages due are paid to employees on time. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act applies to all employers that employ twenty or more employees (U. S. EEOC, 2008). The Act states that it is â€Å"unlawful to discriminate against a person because of his or her age with respect to any term, condition or privilege of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, layoff, compensation, benefits, job assignments and training† (U. S. EEOC, 2008). Violating the Age Discrimination in Employment Act can cause the business to incur legal liability and require payment of large monetary judgments (Mayfair, n. d. ). Mr. Stonefield and his managers can avoid violating this Act by never taking a person’s age or proximity to retirement into consideration when making decisions about hiring, firing, pay, benefits or promotions (HR Specialist, 2013). The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 prohibits an employer from knowingly hire, recruit or refer for pay any person who is unauthorized to work in the United States (Boston University, n. d. ). If an employer violates this law they can be fined from $100 to $1,000 and the fine is not just for the employer but also for each employee working for them illegally (Boston University, n. d. ). There is also the possibility of imprisonment for employers that are deemed to show a pattern of violating this Act (Boston University, n. d. ). To avoid violating the Immigration Reform and Control Act Mr. Stonefield must verify the identity and employment eligibility of each employee he hires. He must complete and retain a complete INS Form I-9 documenting this verification (Boston University, n. d. ). Conclusion It is important that Mr. Stonefield and his management team understand that labor laws were passed in order to provide protection for both employees and employers. That is why the government puts so much emphasis on making sure organizations take them seriously by enforcing the laws with strict consequences for noncompliance. Staying in compliance with these laws is not only important to avoid legal penalties but will also protect the business from gaining a negative public image that can be extremely damaging to their bottom line.

Coca Cola Share A Coke This Summer

However, in reality the Coca Cola Company has a wider target market because the product is addressed to everyone and everywhere. Usually the consumers (both males and females)who use the product are between 12 and 32 years old. Second, in the video we can see that the consumers are buying the product, this shows the reputation of the trademark in the mind of the consumers and a few seconds later we can see more people buying Coca-Cola in massive amounts which reflects the power, the preference and the loyalty that the consumers have to the Coca-Cola brand.In the video, after the consumers brought the product we can see them having fun, having barbecues, having arties and playing on the street with their friends, in that moment Coca-Cola is telling us the viewers that the purpose of this video is not only to show the popularity of the brand but also that the company is not just about selling goods to the consumers but also selling events ( Examples: World cup and the Olympics) and exp eriences ( Examples: Walt Disney magic kingdom and music/sports camps) to the consumers.Coca-Cola is the number one company of soft drinks around the world, the margin between it and its is competitors is huge, so the reason that Coca-Cola peps doing the advertising is not to increase their sales, but to remind people that Coca-Cola is here, is number one and the consumers should drink Coke once in a while(Hardball Peter, 2014) . Like this advertising and many others, Coca-Cola focus on the principle of sharing; not only sharing with families and friends but also sharing happiness, moments and experience. This attitude of sharing IS key competitive advantage against their competitors which only focus on sales.Finally, the video is showing a strategy to put their consumers names on the tootles. The purpose of this idea is to create an individualized or personalized product for the customers for the summer of 2014 because in summer, is the perfect time to be with other people and shar e moments of happiness with everyone. According to the senior vice president Stuart Kerosene the message of this advertising is to drink a coke with your name on it and offering the event to another person makes these minutes much more â€Å"extraordinary† (Money Jay, 2014).Another strategy for the development of this commercial was the flexibility to low the consumers to promote the brand across social media. Jennifer Whelan group director of Coca Cola North America says â€Å"It's about statement toward oneself, individual narrating and staying associated with companions. ‘Share a Coke' takes advantage of those passions†. She also adds that â€Å"At the point when teenagers see that the iconic.

Social Formations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Formations - Essay Example Anti-consumer activist, therefore, seek to have these brands put the welfare of the consumer first. They seek to instill adherence to the highest ethical standards rather than spending money on sanitizing substandard products for the sake of protecting a brand. Andrew Ross adds another dimension to their mandate. He says a call on the consumers to leverage their buying power and use it effectively to help raise the starvation wages of the individuals employed in the sweatshops (Ross, 107). The focus here is that the compromised quality of products coming out of factories is more the result of the maltreatment of the employees who work in these industries. It is a logical argument that a maltreated employee will have much less incentive to consider the customer as deserving any better. The company, therefore, might lose its core customer base because of a substandard product. The anti-consumer activists also call on the consumers who are demanding value for their money not to wait for structured negotiations between different governments to bring about change (Ross, 105). Using the illustration of the influx of harmful toys from China, the movement says that structured solutions to such unscrupulous business practices will likely take a lon g time before reaching the owners of these sweatshops. In the meantime, the consumers will continue getting exposed to the harmful and substandard products from these companies. For a wholesome product quality, the anti-consumerists aver that there is need to focus on total quality adherence in the entire production chain. Companies should ensure that they guarantee adequate protections and benefits to even their smallest supplier. Just like the factory worker, a supplier who feels unfairly treated will have less incentive to guarantee consistent quality of products. According to Ross, the anti-consumerist activists, and the anti-sweatshop activists have

Patients as Health Care Consumers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Patients as Health Care Consumers - Essay Example Like a consumer who makes decisions on whether to buy a commodity or not in a given store, so is a health care consumer who can be influenced by advertisements and marketing. Health care consumers include patients in any hospital setting, a client in a mental health centre within any given community, or it can also be any person who is a member to any organization providing prepaid health care services and maintain (Ryan et al 2009:78). At any given time that a person decides to visit a health facility for any kind of health or medical attention, she or he makes the decision of doing so as a health care consumer. Through health care consumerism, the conservative government is deemed to have introduced monetary structures of Britain’s National Health Service (NHS) and Community Care Act both of which had their aims inclined to increasing competition as well as shift in NHS’ culture. This was in regard to concerns of minding patients as health care consumers and it involv ed shift from a culture that was established through decisions and preferences to a culture that was determined by health care users’ wishes and views. ... e government introduced overall management in NHS in the year 1983 at various levels of service so as to research on the needs of patients alongside their views regarding quality of health care. Following these and other essential considerations, consumer driven health care has been on the rise based on the need to get health care consumers satisfied being that they form the basis of health care industry by purchasing health care services and products (Natalier and Willis 2008:407). This paper attempts to look into issues regarding the view that patients are consumers of health care services. Mechanisms for Consumerism in Health Care There are some mechanisms for consumerism in health care which have continually been exhibited in as much as health care consumerism has been embraced. One of the mechanisms is Patient Charter which is actually a document of the United Kingdom’s government with a layout of rights for NHS patients. This charter has been into force since its incepti on in the year 1992 through Conservative government but had been revised in the years 1995 and 1997. According to Adeoye and Bozic (2007:97), â€Å"the charter sets out rights in service areas including  general practice, hospital treatment, community treatment, ambulance, dental, optical, pharmaceutical and maternity. However, various stakeholders have criticized the charter for reasons widely ranging from not offering sufficient support to trans-gender patients  to increasing attacks on hospital staff†. Amid the issues, the charter has been meant to be legally binding as far as health care consumerism is concerned. Another mechanism for health care consumerism is Choose and Book approach which has been applied since the year 2005. This is an electronic booking software system cum application

Professional Profile of the Program Analyst and System Engineer Essay

Professional Profile of the Program Analyst and System Engineer - Essay Example Professional Profile of the Program Analyst and System Engineer ïÆ' ¼ Highly skilled in creating supportive technical solutions, overseeing contract administration, and facilitating effective program coordination strategies to increase workflow efficiency ïÆ' ¼ Proven ability to effectively handle multi-task levels of management responsibility with minimal direction from superiors while supervising personnel, providing team leadership, motivation, and development ïÆ' ¼ Solid communication, interpersonal, time management, analytical, organizational, and technical skills ïÆ' ¼ Experienced in Forecasting, Performance Improvement, Program Analysis, Project Management and System Engineering ïÆ' ¼ Extremely intelligent, dependable, and self-motivated with a high degree of collaborative work integrity ï‚ § I am currently working as a Senior Aviation Cost Analysis for a Business Case Study (BCS) for the Army Aviation Ground Support Equipment (AGSE) for Tool Replacement Warranty Program. ï‚ § I have worked in the position of Contract Specialist for CAS. The role involved Corporation working the AMCOM Contract at the Sparkman Center in the Acquisitions Logistic Directorate. ï‚ § Held accountable for maintaining the quality of the design, conformance, and condition of building the Boeing Delta Plant while reviewing in-plant testing for quality and recommending approval or disapproval to the Senior Quality Engineer.

Response Paper on On Being an Atheist, by H. J. McCloskey From a Essay

Response Paper on On Being an Atheist, by H. J. McCloskey From a Christian Viewpoint - Essay Example While to some this position on face value may seem to have credibility, a careful analysis of the theories from a Christian perspective shows his arguments lacking. The first thing that strikes is McCloskey’s choice of beginning his discourse with a usual and chronically pleading argument that would appear to make sense and put the entire onus of â€Å"believing† or of â€Å"faith† on a human need to want to believe, rather than a spiritual analysis of why we do. McCloskey puts forth that many theists take the position that â€Å"atheism is a cold, comfortless position,†1, and quotes one Christian as saying, â€Å"It’s harder if you don’t believe in God.† 2 McCloskey’s argument, which he extracts totally from this position, is a tired one at best, tied to a humanistic era [the 1960s] that overly promoted, at the exclusion of the spiritual founded in the intellectual, the concept of science, be it the science of human psychology or otherwise. â€Å"Proof† is the buzzword, a strange choice since proof of this overriding human need to feel comfortable in an uncomfortable world has neve r been proven, but is itself founded on the â€Å"discoveries† suggested by psychologists and sociologists and hardly based in solid scientific irrefutable fact. Much of McCloskey’s so called scientific approach falls far short of anything resembling proof. Consider McCloskey’s cosmological argument as examined by Privette (2009). â€Å"McCloskey argued that the cosmological argument was an argument from the existence of the world, as we know it.    He stated that believing in an uncaused first cause of the universe is a problem because nothing about our universe forces us to that conclusion.†3 I agree with Privette and would use the following argument, as she has, with a few of my own thoughts added on the concept of contingencies. If

Internationalization in general and the internationalization of Essay

Internationalization in general and the internationalization of Universities in particular - Essay Example Both will continue, with firms increasing globalisation by responding to changing macro and operational markets to increase both efficiency and profits. The primary globalisation drivers are the loss of barriers between nations, allowing new trading relationships to develop and change driven by technology. During the early stages of globalisation, companies actively made the decision to globalise, and did so in small steps. It is now assumed that all firms will globalise unless they have a good reason not to (Yip, 2001, p.358). One of the main reasons for globalising, is the increasing rate of change in technology, especially the Internet. Even the smallest organisation can trade globally as long as they have an appropriate web site and can set up the appropriate supply chain for delivery to the customers. Yip also identified three main forms of multinational companies (MNCs): internationalist, federalist and global maximiser (ibid, pp.359-362). The federalist is the traditional MNC. The global maximiser uses pure strategy when formulating growth plans. For an SME deciding to internationalise, the internationalist strategy appears most suitable. An internationalist strategy is used by a company with a secure position within its home market/nation. Foreign activities are opportunistic rather than strategically planned and intended. The test, according to Yip, is whether or not the company could survive purely on the revenue and profit streams of the domestic business (ibid, p.359). This would also be an appropriate approach for a university seeking to expand overseas for the first time, although the use of the Internet and well-constructed, culturally appropriate learning materials with well-trained teaching staff might negate the need to physically expand overseas at all. Kaarna (2010) makes use of the internationalisation framework when considering whether â€Å"different theories for explaining the accelerated internationalisation† (p.556). He found, a s part of his initial investigations, other researchers’ work, undertaken in 2000-2003, identified two ways that enterprises attained international status by either starting as a global company or using multiple market entry modes simultaneously (ibid). Surprisingly he also identifies a study that found the use of theoretical models in peer-reviewed articles was evident in only 18% of them (32 out of 179 papers) (ibid, p.557). His research revealed that, despite its age, the internationalisation framework still held, some 34 years since its identification by Johnson and Vahlne in 1977 (ibid, p.560), although it is qualified by indicating that some of the underlying assumptions had changed, with new ideas being added based on other theories and models which, Kaarna claims, have enhanced â€Å"the understanding of [the] accelerated internationalisation phenomenon† (ibid). Other aspects affecting the increasing extent and pace of globalisation, are increasing amounts of i nvestment from companies seeking to set up operations in different countries. Restrictions are being reduced and/or removed to facilitate this, increasing the abilities of nations to import and export required goods and services (Hill, 2011, pp.12-13). Trade barriers have also been progressively reduced, although there are often threats of imposing tariffs and quotas when nations disagree with policies and approaches of other nations, resulting